added	modified	record_number	author	date	title	publication	annotation	keywords
12/8/1998	7/14/2000	1		1993	Ethics Consultation.	"<i>Trends in Health Care, Law and Ethics</i>, Vol. 8, No. 4 (Fall, 1993)."	"A special issue containing six articles on ethics consultation: ""The Legitimation of Ethics Consultation, "" by Russell L. McIntyre; ""A Pro-Active Role for the Ethics Committee or Ethics Consultant, "" by George A. Kanoti; ""Here Come the Ethicists!"" by Giles R. Scofield; ""A Nurse-Ethicist Model of Ethics Consultation, "" by Patricia A. Murphy; and ""Can Ethics Consultation be Gender Neutral?"" by Sandra J. Taylor."	"ETHICS CONSULTATION, GENDER"
10/5/1995	7/25/2000	2	"Weisburd, Dan E., and Vera Hassner, ed."	1994	Ethics in Neurobiological Research with Human Subjects.	"<i>Journal of the California Alliance for the Mentally Ill</i>, 5(1):1-70."	Special issue looking at ethical issues involved in doing research using mentally ill subjects.	"BIOMEDICAL ETHICS, FRAUD, HUMAN SUBJECTS, RESEARCH WITH PSYCHOLOGICALLY IMPAIRED, RESEARCH ETHICS"
6/11/1996	5/15/2001	3	"Blackhall, Leslie J. et al."	1995	Ethnicity and Attitudes toward Patient Autonomy.	"<i>Journal of the American Medical Association</i>, 274:820-825."	"The authors surveyed 200 elderly subjects who identified themselves as being European American, African American, Korean American or Mexican American. Ethnicity was the strongest predictor of attitudes toward truthtelling and patient decision making. Korean American and Mexican American subjects were less likely to believe that a patient should be told of a terminal prognosis and that a patient should make decisions about the use of life-supporting technology. Instead, they tended to believe that the family should make such decisions. Implications for physician-patient communication are discussed. There are several response letters to this article in JAMA 275(2):107-110."	"BIOMEDICAL ETHICS, TRUTHTELLING, MINORITY POPULATIONS"
5/18/1995	7/19/2000	4	"Knight, J. A."	1984	Exploring the Compromise of Ethical Principles in Science.	"<i>Perspectives in Biology and Medicine</i>, 27:432-441."	"Suggests that pressures to obtain grants, meet high social expectations and achieve success may tempt scientists to commit research fraud."	"FRAUD, RESEARCH ETHICS"
5/18/1995	5/14/2001	5	"Broad, W. J."	1981	Fraud and the Structure of Science.	<i>Science</i>. 212:37-41.	"Lack of replication and a professional ""immunity from scrutiny"" prevent protection against scientific fraud. However, it may be that fraud is not increasing, but rather that it is being reported with greater frequency because of increased self-policing in today's competitive environment."	"FRAUD, PEER REVIEW, SCIENCE RESEARCH, RESEARCH ETHICS POLICIES, WHISTLEBLOWING"
9/1/1993	5/14/2001	6	"Gustafson, James."	1973	Genetic Counseling and the Uses of Genetic Knowledge -- An Ethical Overview.	"In <i>Ethical Issues in Human Genetics</i>, edited by Bruce Hilton, et al., pp. 101-112. New York: Plenum Press."	"A philosophical treatment of the ethical issues involved in genetic counseling relating to genetically-impaired fetuses. Poses the central issue as whether the individual or the community should have primacy in ethical considerations. Discusses the tension between individual rights-based approaches and consequentialist ones, and proposes the need for agreement on minimal objectives about the evils to be avoided in genetic screening."	"GENETIC COUNSELING, BIOMEDICAL ETHICS, COMMUNITY INTERESTS, GENETIC SCREENING, COMMUNITY INTERESTS"
9/1/1993	5/29/2001	7	NOVA.	1985	<i>Genetic Gamble</i>.	"Northbrook, IL: Coronet Film and Video."	Explores the technical and ethical problems of applying breakthroughs in genetic engineering to the curing of inherited human disease. Examines research aimed at altering an individual's genetic code through insertion of gene sequences for missing enzymes into somatic cells. Illustrates the serious moral and ethical concerns raised by human genetics experimentation.	"GENETIC RESEARCH, VIDEO, HUMAN SUBJECTS, BIOMEDICAL ETHICS, HUMAN GENE THERAPY"
9/1/1993	5/14/2001	8	"Lewis, Ricki."	1987	Genetic Marker Testing: Are We Ready for It?	"<i>Issues in Science and Technology</i>, 4(1):76-82."	"Excellent discussion of some ethical issues surrounding genetic marker testing, including confidentiality, privacy, public welfare, and the rights of minors and employers."	"GENETIC TESTING, CONFIDENTIALITY, CHILDREN, BIOMEDICAL ETHICS, CONFIDENTIALITY, HUMAN SUBJECTS"
9/1/1993	5/14/2001	9	"Kolata, Gina."	1986	Genetic Screening Raises Questions for Employers and Insurers.	"<i>Science</i>, 232: 17-319."	"Discusses the range of issues raised by genetic screening, including testing young children, the privacy interests of employees, and the economic interests of employers and insurers to have genetic information. Provides background on the development of genetic screening technology in the workplace."	"GENETIC SCREENING, BIOMEDICAL ETHICS, CHILDREN, HUMAN SUBJECTS"
9/1/1993	5/14/2001	10	"Baum, Rudy."	1986	Genetic Screening: Medical Promise among Legal and Ethical Questions.	"<i>Chemical and Engineering News</i>, 67:10-16."	"Excellent overview of genetic screening, how RFLP analysis works, and the relevant ethical issues, particularly mandatory screening in employment and prenatal context."	"GENETIC SCREENING, BIOMEDICAL ETHICS, LAW, HUMAN SUBJECTS"
9/1/1993	5/15/2001	11	"Murray, Thomas."	1985	Genetic Testing at Work: How Should It Be Used?	"<i>Technology Review</i>, 88(4):51-59."	"Provides an in-depth discussion of the moral issues raised in genetic testing at work. Distinguishes between genetic screening and monitoring, summarizes significant screening programs that have been instituted for PKU and sickle-cell anemia, the purposes of genetic screening and monitoring in the workplace, and the legal implications of screening programs."	"GENETIC TESTING, GENETIC SCREENING, LAW, BIOMEDICAL ETHICS, LAW"
9/1/1993	7/19/2000	12	"Hayes, Catherine V."	1992	Genetic Testing for Huntington's Disease -- A Family Issue.	"<i>New England Journal of Medicine</i>, 327(20):1449-1451."		"GENETIC TESTING, BIOMEDICAL ETHICS"
5/21/1996	5/15/2001	13	"Macrina, Francis L., and Cindy L. Munro."	1993	Graduate Teaching in Principles of Scientific Integrity.	"<i>Academic Medicine</i>, 68:879-884."		"ETHICS INSTRUCTION, RESEARCH ETHICS, TEACHING, TEACHING ETHICS"
5/17/1995	7/14/2000	14		1990	Guarding the Guardians: Research on Editorial Peer Review.	"<i>Journal of the American Medical Association</i>, Vol. 263."	A special issue of JAMA.	PEER REVIEW
9/1/1993	5/15/2001	15	"Mitchell, Graham."	1990	Guarding the Middle Ground: The Ethics of Experiments on Animals.	"<i>Current Contents</i>, 22:6-13."	Argues that use of ethics committees is the best means to mediate between the conflicting interests of researchers desiring to use animals in research and anti-vivisectionists.	ANIMALS
9/1/1993	5/15/2001	16	"Committee on Science, Engineering and Public Policy (COSEPUP)."	1992	Handling Allegations of Misconduct in Science--Institutional Responses and Experience.	"In <i>Responsible Science: Ensuring the Integrity of the Research Process.</i>, Vol. I. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press."	"Discusses the growing interaction and continuing unresolved issues between universities, the government, and the courts since the 1980's in policy implementation and investigation concerning scientific misconduct and fraud. Proposes a single independent review organization for handling misconduct and fraud."	"SCIENTIFIC MISCONDUCT, FRAUD, POLICY, GOVERNMENT REGULATION, LAW"
5/18/1995	5/15/2001	17	"Broad, W. J."		Harvard Delays in Reporting Fraud.	"<i>Science</i>, 215:478-482."	A critical account of the way in which Harvard University handled the fraud case of Dr. John Darsee.	FRAUD
10/4/1995	5/15/2001	18	"McCormick, Richard A."	1993	Hidden Persuaders: Value Variables in Bioethics.	Bloomington: Poynter Center for the Study of Ethics and American Institutions.	"Monograph explores the cultural assumptions, or ""value variables, "" that influence bioethical thought and health care planning in general, including: the denial of mortality, the eugenic mentality, rescue medicine, the absolutization of autonomy and dignity as independence."	"BIOMEDICAL ETHICS, ETHICS AND TECHNOLOGY, EUGENICS, GENETIC RESEARCH, SCIENCE AND SOCIETY"
9/1/1993	5/15/2001	19	"Burman, Kenneth."	1982	'Hanging from the Masthead': Reflections on Authorship.	"<i>Annals of Internal Medicine</i>, 97:602-605."	"Criticizes the general practice of multiple authorship of research articles, which does not accurately represent actual involvement in the underlying research or writing."	"AUTHORSHIP, RESEARCH ETHICS"
5/17/1995	5/15/2001	20	"La Puma, John"	1994	"'How Much Do You Get If I Volunteer?': Suggested Institutional Policy on Reward, Consent, and Research."	"<i>Hospital and Health Services Administration</i>, 392:193-203."	Suggests a model policy and guidelines for the ethical conduct of post-marketing research on new drugs by practicing physicians.	"HUMAN SUBJECTS, RESEARCH ETHICS POLICES, INFORMED CONSENT, COMPENSATION, BIOMEDICAL ETHICS"
4/7/1997	5/15/2001	21	"Coppola, Brian P., and David H. Smith."	1996	A Case for Ethics.	"<i>Journal of Chemical Education</i>, 73(1):33-34."	"The first author is a practicing chemist; the second an ethicist. Argues for an explicit ethical perspective in science education and offers three instructional objectives: the development of character, the development of cognitive skills, and the development of disciplinary skills."	"ETHICS INSTRUCTION, CHEMISTRY, TEACHING, TEACHING ETHICS"
9/1/1993	7/24/2000	22	"Sprague, Robert."	1989	A Case of Whistleblowing in Research.	<i>Perspectives on the Professions</i> 8:4-5.	"A brief account of the author's experiences in ""blowing the whistle"" on the research misconduct of then-colleague Stephen Breuning."	"WHISTLEBLOWING, SCIENCE RESEARCH, CASE STUDIES, RESEARCH MISCONDUCT"
5/17/1995	5/15/2001	23	"Wright, N. D."	1991	A Citation Context Analysis of Retracted Scientific Articles.	"Unpublished Ph. D. dissertation, University of Maryland, College Park."	"This dissertation looked at whether published retractions of articles (1963-1987) either because of error or scientific misconduct decreased citations to them. The author found a significant difference between the number of pre- and post-retraction citations, but 90% of remaining citations were positive."	PUBLISHING
5/18/1995	5/15/2001	24	"Friedman, P. J."	1989	A Last Call for Self-Regulation of Biomedical Research.	"<i>Academic Medicine</i>, 64:502-504."	"Several suggestions are made to improve the climate within which scientific research takes place, including formal institutional oversight and active faculty involvement in setting standards."	"BIOMEDICAL ETHICS, SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH"
5/18/1995	5/15/2001	25	"Petersdorf, R. G."	1984	A Matter of Integrity.	"<i>Academic Medicine</i>, 64:199-123."	Medical fraud and misconduct are suggested to be the result of hypercompetitive premedical and medical school environments.	"BIOMEDICAL ETHICS, FRAUD, MISCONDUCT"
9/1/1993	5/15/2001	26	The Huntington's Disease Collaborative Research Group.	1993	A Novel Gene Containing a Trinucleotide Repeat That Is Expanded and Unstable on Huntington's Disease Chromosomes.	"<i>Cell</i>, 72:971-983."		GENETIC RESEARCH
5/18/1995	7/19/2000	27	"Kalichman, M. W., and P. J. Friedman."	1992	A Pilot Study of Biomedical Trainees' Perceptions Concerning Research Ethics.	"<i>Academic Medicine</i>, 67:769-765 (?)."	Presents survey results in which biomedical trainees were asked about their perceptions of unethical research practices and their exposure to research ethics instruction.	"RESEARCH ETHICS, ETHICS INSTRUCTION, BIOMEDICAL ETHICS"
9/1/1993	5/15/2001	28	"Rest, James R."	1982	A Psychologist Looks at the Teaching of Ethics.	"<i>Hastings Center Report</i>, pp. 29-36."	"Proposes that psychological researchers and ethics instructors collaborate, so as to locate ethics instruction in a moral development framework and to refine evaluation of student processes and progress in ethical decision-making."	"ETHICS INSTRUCTION, PSYCHOLOGY, TEACHING"
5/21/1996	4/4/2003	29	Center for Applied Ethics.	1995	<i>Academic Integrity: The Bridge to Professional Ethics</i>.	"Durham, NC: Center for Applied Ethics, School of Engineering, Duke University."		"VIDEO, MISCONDUCT, PROFESSIONAL ETHICS, ETHICS INSTRUCTION, CASE STUDIES"
9/1/1993	5/15/2001	30	"Smith, Steven, and Deborah Richardson."	1983	Amelioration of Deception and Harm in Psychological Research: The Important Role of Debriefing.	"<i>Journal of Personality and Social Psychology</i>, 44(5):1075-1082."	"Reports on the effects of deception and harm on research participants in psychology experiments, based on the perceptions of 464 undergraduate students enrolled in psychology courses. Approximately 20 percent of the subjects reported harm, but there was no correlation between deception and perception of harm. The authors also consider the role of debriefing in eliminating negative effects for those participants who perceived they had been harmed, and concludes participation as research subjects may be beneficial."	"HUMAN SUBJECTS, DECEPTION, PSYCHOLOGY, THERAPEUTIC OBLIGATIONS, RESEARCH ETHICS"
9/1/1993	5/15/2001	31	"Wertz, Dorothy, and John Fletcher, eds."	1989	An International Survey of Attitudes of Medical Geneticists toward Mass Screening and Access to Results.	"<i>Public Health Reports</i>, 35(10):104."	Discusses genetic researchers' attitudes about patients' rights to information and to confidentiality about the results of screening tests for genetic diseases.	"GENETIC SCREENING, CONFIDENTIALITY, BIOMEDICAL ETHICS, HUMAN SUBJECTS"
10/1/1996	5/15/2001	32	"Morrison, Adrian R."	1996	Animal Rights Philosophy Versus Biological Reality.	"<i>Iowa State University Veterinarian</i>, 58(1):10-17."	Provides a brief overview of Peter Singer's utilitarian and Tom Regan's rights-based objections to animal research and challenges their understanding of the status of animals.	"ANIMALS, ETHICS"
9/1/1993	5/15/2001	33	"Donnelly, Strachan, and Kathleen Nolan, eds."	1990	"Animals, Science, and Ethics."	"Special Supplement, <i>Hastings Center Report</i>, Vol. 20, No. 3 (May/June)."	"An informative, in-depth discussion of the ethical implications of the use of animals in research. Contents include an introductory overview; summary of applicable ethical theories and their usefulness applied to animals; consideration of rationales used to justify using animals in science and how to best determine animal suffering; overview of animal care and use committees and review procedures; and discussion of policy issues relating to the use of animals in research, testing, and education."	"ANIMALS, POLICY, RESEARCH ETHICS, IRB (INTERNAL REVIEW BOARD), SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH, ETHICS"
9/1/1993	7/18/2000	34	"Gallup, Gordon, and Jason Beckstead."	1988	Attitudes toward Animal Research.	"<i>American Psychologist</i>, 43(6):474-476."	"Summarizes results of survey on animal research conducted with 263 undergraduate students on animal research. Survey revealed that 76% expressed concern about pain and suffering in animals, yet 81% preferred to see animals used in research rather than humans die or suffer from disease, 66.9% agreed that drugs and surgical procedures should be tested on animals before being administered to humans, and 62% believed some animal research is necessary."	ANIMALS
9/1/1993	5/15/2001	35	"Bok, Derek."	1982	Balancing Responsibility and Innovation.	"<i>Change</i>, 14:16-25."	An excellent discussion of the issues faced by a university attempting to negotiate technology transfer and control the growth and direction of its relationship with industry.	"ACADEMIC ETHICS, CONFLICT OF INTEREST"
9/1/1993	7/21/2000	36	"Milgram, Stanley."	1963	Behavioral Study of Obedience.	"<i>Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology</i>, 6(4): 371-378."	Milgram reports study results.	"HUMAN SUBJECTS, BEHAVIORAL RESEARCH, PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH"
9/1/1993	5/15/2001	37	"LaFollette, Marcel C."	1988-89.	Beyond Plagiarism: Ethical Misconduct in Scientific and Technical Publishing.	"<i>Book Research Quarterly</i>, 4: 65-73."	"Analyzes the growing problem of scientific misconduct from a historical perspective, tracing changes in the nature of the scientific community from World War II, and the growing involvement of the government in research, including regulation."	"PUBLISHING, SCIENTIFIC MISCONDUCT, HISTORY, GOVERNMENT REGULATION, HISTORY, GOVERNMENT REGULATION, PLAGIARISM, MISCONDUCT"
9/1/1993	5/15/2001	38	"Handyside, A.H., et al."	1992	Birth of a Normal Girl after In Vitro Fertilization and Preimplantation Diagnostic Testing for Cystic Fibrosis.	"<i>New England Journal of Medicine</i>, 327:905-909."		"GENETIC TESTING, GYNECOLOGY"
9/1/1993	5/15/2001	39	"Paul, Diane."	1986	A History of the Eugenics Movement and of Its Multiple Effects on Public Policy.	"<i>Scientific American</i>, 254:27-31."	"Book Review of Daniel Kevles, <i>In the Name of Eugenics: Genetics and the Uses of Human Heredity</i>. Generally positive review of Kevles' historical treatment of eugenics, particularly his consideration of how that history can inform current policymakers about the social benefits and pitfalls of individual reproductive decisions. The review discusses the difficulty of defining ""eugenics"" and criticizes both the appropriateness of Kevles' sharp distinction between ""old"" and ""newer"" eugenics movements and his portrayal of the historical figures involved as ""good guys"" and ""bad guys."""	"EUGENICS, HISTORY, POLICY"
5/21/1996	5/15/2001	40	"Bok, Derek C."	1996	Can Ethics Be Taught?	"<i>Change</i>, Oct.:26-30."		"ETHICS INSTRUCTION, TEACHING ETHICS, TEACHING"
5/18/1995	5/15/2001	41	"McAskie, M."	1978	Carelessness or Fraud in Sir Cyril Burt's Kinship Data?: A Critique of Jensen's Analysis.	"<i>American Psychologist</i>, 72:496-497."	"Replies to Jensen (1978, ""Sir Cyril Burt in Perspective, "" <i>American Psychologist</i>, 78 (449-503), disputing that Burt's actions reflected mere carelessness."	"SCIENTIFIC MISCONDUCT, FRAUD, CASE STUDIES, SOCIAL SCIENCE RESEARCH, SOCIAL RESEARCH ETHICS"
9/1/1993	7/19/2000	42	"Hanson, Shirley."	1988	Collaborative Research and Authorship Credit: Beginning Guidelines.	<i>Nursing Research</i>. 37:49-52.	Synthesizes a number of studies on collaborative research and multiple authorship to derive a number of practical principles for how to proceed with such research.	AUTHORSHIP
9/1/1993	5/15/2001	43	"Herzog, Harold."	1991	"Conflicts of Interests: Kittens and Boa Constrictors, Pets and Research."	"<i>American Psychologist</i>, 45(3):246-248."	"Argues that even seemingly benign relations with animals, namely, keeping carnivorous animals as pets, raises some of the same questions as the use of animals in scientific research."	"ANIMALS, CONFLICT OF INTEREST, SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH"
9/1/1993	5/15/2001	44	"Ulrich, Roger."	1991	"Animal Rights, Animal Wrongs, and the Question of Balance."	"<i>Psychological Science</i>, 2(3):197-201."	"Argues for balance in the use and treatment of animals, contending that both the anti-vivisectionists and the researchers who conduct experimentation with animals are guilty of excesses."	"ANIMALS, RESEACH ETHICS, PSYCHOLOGY"
11/6/1995	5/15/2001	45	"Fischbach, Ruth, and Lynn Peterson."		Conflict of Interest Case.	"The Program in the Practice of Scientific Investigation, Division of Medical Ethics, Harvard Medical School."	"Includes teaching notes. Contact Ruth Fischbach, Co-Director (with Lynn Peterson), The Program in the Practice of Scientific Investigation, Division of Medical Ethics, Harvard Medical School, 643 Huntington Ave., Boston, MA 02115."	"CASE STUDIES, CONFLICT OF INTEREST, RESEARCH ETHICS, BIOMEDICAL ETHICS"
11/6/1995	5/15/2001	46	"Council of Biology Editors, Editorial Policy Committee. John C. Bailar III, Chair."	1990	Conflicts of Interest.	"in <i>Ethics and Policy in Scientific Publication</i>, p. 32. Bethesda: Council of Biology Editors, Inc. p. 32."		"CASE STUDIES, CONFLICT OF INTEREST, BIOLOGY"
9/1/1993	5/15/2001	47	NOVA.	1989	<i>Confronting the Killer Gene</i>.	"Northbrook, IL: Coronet Film and Video."	"Examines the implications of a new laboratory test that can detect the presence of Huntington Disease, a hereditary disorder characterized by nervous deterioration and certain death. Focuses on four individuals, including well-known musician Arlo Guthrie, who are all faced with a decision: to test or not to test."	"GENETIC TESTING, VIDEO, CASE STUDIES"
5/18/1995	5/15/2001	48	"Friedman, P. J."	1990	Correcting the Literature Following Fraudulent Publication.	"<i>The Journal of the American Medical Association</i>, Vol. 263, No. 10(Mar. 9):1416-1419."		"FRAUD, PUBLISHING"
10/19/1995	5/15/2001	49	"Charon, Rita, and Renee C. Fox."	1995	Critiques and Remedies: Medical Students Call for Change in Ethics Teaching.	"<i>Journal of the American Medical Association</i>, 274(9):767, 771."	Medical students' essays highlight pitfalls in their professional socialization and their desire for ongoing mentoring relationships with mature physician-teachers who could model ethical medical practice.	"ETHICS INSTRUCTION, MENTORING, BIOEMEDICAL ETHICS, TEACHING ETHICS, TEACHING"
5/18/1995	7/17/2000	50	"Brown, A. S., and D. R. Murphy."	1989	Cryptomnesia: Delineating Inadvertent Plagiarism.	"<i>Journal of Experimental Psychology</i>, 15:432-442."	"Explains the phenomenon of cryptomnesia, which is being used as a defense in scientific plagiarism cases. Cryptomnesia is the presence of a memory in one's consciousness that is not recognized as such, but is experienced as a new phenomenon."	PLAGIARISM
5/18/1995	5/15/2001	51	"Freedland, K. E., and R. M. Carney."	1992	Data Management and Accountability in Behavioral and Biomedical Research.	"<i>American Psychologist</i>, 47:640-645."	Errors in obtaining and storing data in computer systems may occur because of honest mistakes or carelessness. The authors support mandated guidelines for record keeping and data storage and instruction in data management skills.	"DATA MANAGEMENT, RESEARCH ETHICS, BEHAVIORAL RESEARCH, BIOMEDICAL ETHICS"
9/1/1993	7/25/2000	52	"U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Office of the Assistant Secretary of Health; Office of Health Planning and Evaluation; and Office of Scientific Integrity Review."	1990	<i>Data Management in Biomedical Research: Report of a Workshop.</i>		"Provides useful discussion on issues of data ownership, sharing, and retention."	"RESEARCH DATA, DATA MANAGEMENT, RESEARCH ETHICS, SECRECY, BIOMEDICAL ETHICS"
5/21/1996	5/15/2001	53	"Marshall, Eliot."	1990	Data Sharing: A Declining Ethic?	"<i>Science</i>, 248:952-957."		"DATA MANAGEMENT, INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY, FREEDOM OF INQUIRY, RESEARCH ETHICS, RESEARCH DATA"
9/1/1993	7/13/2000	54	"Woolf, Patricia."	1988	Deception in Scientific Research.	"<i>Jurimetrics Journal</i>, 29(Fall):67-95."	"Provides an interesting discussion of misconduct in research, including a summary of a number of fairly recent cases, how they were dealt with, and how the wrongdoers were disciplined."	"RESEARCH MISCONDUCT, CASE STUDIES, DECEPTION"
9/1/1993	4/4/2003	55	NOVA.	1989	<i>Decoding the Book of Life</i>.	"Northbrook, IL: Coronet Film and Video."	"Portrays the history of the Human Genome Project, placed in the context of the eugenics movement, development of genetic screening, treatment of genetic disease, and the choices that will need to be made regarding the use of molecular genetic techniques in human ""breeding."""	"GENETIC RESEARCH, VIDEO, EUGENEICS, GENETIC SCREENING"
5/18/1995	7/17/2000	56	"Ben-Yehuda, N."	1986	Deviance in Science.	"<i>The British Journal of Criminology</i>, 26:1-27."	Uses case examples to explain how several characteristics of the scientific community--including lack of replication and suppression of investigations--may lead to misconduct.	"SCIENTIFIC MISCONDUCT, FRAUD, CASE STUDIES, SECRECY, RESEARCH ETHICS"
5/18/1995	5/15/2001	57	"Bechtel, H. K., and W. Pearson."	1985	Deviant Scientists and Scientific Deviance.	"<i>Deviant Behavior</i>, 6:237-252."	"Looks at scientific fraud from three sociological perspectives of deviance, presenting it as an ""elite occupational deviance"" legitimized by the increasingly business-like approach to science."	"FRAUD, SCIENTIFIC MISCONDUCT"
6/9/1997	2/15/2001	58	"Anderson, Melissa S., et al."	1994	Disciplinary and Departmental Effects on Observations of Faculty and Graduate Student Misconduct.	"<i>Journal of Higher Education</i>, 65(3):331-350."	"Part of the Acadia Institute's Project on Professional Values and Ethical Issues in the Graduate Education of Scientists and Engineers. Examines the effects of departmental and disciplinary contexts (specifically departmental structure, departmental climate, and discipline) on graduate students' exposure to three forms of misconduct: research, employment, and personal."	"MISCONDUCT, RESEARCH MISCONDUCT, ENGINEERING, SCIENTIFIC MISCONDUCT"
9/1/1993	5/15/2001	59	"Herzog, Harold."	1990	Discussing Animal Rights and Animal Research in the Classroom.	"<i>Teaching of Psychology</i>, 17:90-94."	"Reviews utilitarian and rights arguments for animal liberation, presents a classroom exercise involving four cases which students decide as members of an Animal Care and Use Committee, and reports that students' participating in the exercise raised their awareness of the issue and its complexity."	"ANIMALS, ETHICS INSTRUCTION, CASE STUDIES, ETHICAL THEORY, TEACHING ETHICS, PSYCHOLOGY"
9/1/1993	5/15/2001	60	NOVA.	1988	<i>Do Scientists Cheat?</i>	"Northbrook, IL: Coronet Film and Video."	"Examines why scientific fraud is so hard to detect and details the numerous factors that influence fraud, including an increasing competition for grant money and tenured positions. Discusses why scientists may be less than honest, analyzes how our scientific system deals with quality control, and considers the adequacy of the scientific community's response when a researcher is involved in fraud."	"FRAUD, VIDEO, SCIENTIFIC MISCONDUCT, TRUTHTELLING, PROFESSIONAL ETHICS"
9/1/1993	5/15/2001	61	"Dewsbury, Donald."	1990	Early Interactions between Animal Psychologists and Animal Activists and the Founding of the APA Committee on Precautions in Animal Experimentation.	"<i>American Psychologist</i>, Mar. 1990:315-327."	"Demonstrates that the contemporary conflict between animal psychologists is not new but dates back to the Victorian antivivisectionist movement, and discusses the effects of the early controversy."	"ANIMALS, PSYCHOLOGY, HISTORY, POLICY"
9/1/1993	7/17/2000	62	"Clingerman, Karen."	1988	Ethical and Moral Issues Relating to Animals 1979-1988.	"Quick Bibliography Series. Beltsville, MD: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture."	Contains short annotations of 270 works.	"ANIMALS, ETHICS"
9/1/1993	5/15/2001	63	"Sieber, Joan E., and Barbara Stanley."	1988	Ethical and Professional Dimensions of Socially Sensitive Research.	"<i>American Psychologist</i>, 43(4):49-55."	"Proposes a taxonomy of ethical analysis for considering the ethical dimensions of socially sensitive research, both in the formulation of the research question, as well as in the conduct of the research and treatment of subjects. The taxonomy covers considerations of privacy, confidentiality, sound and valid methodology, deception, informed consent, justice and equitable treatment, scientific freedom, ownership of data, the values of epistemology of social scientists, and risk/benefit ratio."	"SOCIAL RESEARCH ETHICS, SOCIAL SCIENCE RESEARCH, CONFIDENTIALITY, HUMAN SUBJECTS, DECEPTION, INFORMED CONSENT, DATA MANAGEMENT, FREEDOM OF INQUIRY, RESEARCH DATA"
9/1/1993	5/15/2001	64	Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research.		<i>Ethical Dilemmas in Research.</i>	Unpublished.	"<i>Five scenarios presented in script form, with minimal narrative background, address problems of collaboration and authorship, plagiarism, and falsification of data. These are possibly more effective if play-acted rather than simply read individually. Contact: Nine Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02142</i>"	"CASE STUDIES, PLAGIARISM, DECEPTION, RESEARCH ETHICS, AUTHORSHIP, ETHICS INSTRUCTION, RESEARCH DATA, FRAUD"
8/1/1994	5/15/2001	65		1994	Ethical Guidelines to Publication of Chemical Research.	"<i>Journal of the American Chemical Society</i>, 116(13):8A-10A."	"Includes guidelines on the ethical obligations of editors of scientific journals, of authors, of reviewers, and of scientists publishing outside of scientific literature."	"AUTHORSHIP, PUBLISHING, CHEMISTRY, PEER REVIEW, POLICY"
9/1/1993	5/15/2001	66	"Mertzman, Robert, and Peter Madsen."	1992	Ethical Issues in Professional Life: A Multimedia Course.	"Center for the Advancement of Applied Ethics, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213."	"A text chapter and ""distance education"" video address the role of science in contemporary society, and types and incidences of scientific misconduct and whistleblowing. The text includes an historical overview of the issues by Philosopher of Science, Steven Turner. The video features Dr. Robert L. Sprague, Professor of Psychology and Medicine."	"WHISTLEBLOWING, VIDEO, SCIENTIFIC MISCONDUCT, SCIENCE AND SOCIETY, HISTORY, RESEARCH ETHICS"
9/1/1993	5/15/2001	67	"Goldman, Alan."	1987	Ethical Issues in Proprietary Restrictions on Research Results.	"<i>Science, Technology, and Human Values</i>, 12:22-30."	A sophisticated analysis of the value issues surrounding patents in the academic context. Provides a sound analysis of the arguments for and against patent ownership by faculty researchers.	"INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY, RESEARCH ETHICS, FREEDOM OF INQUIRY"
9/1/1993	7/18/2000	68	"Garfield, Sol."	1987	Ethical Issues in Research on Psychotherapy.	"<i>Counseling and Values</i>, 31(2):115-125."	"Discusses differences in attitude about treatment of human subjects in research vs. therapy, the ethical problems with nontreatment control groups, and proposed solutions to these problems."	"HUMAN SUBJECTS, RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIALS, RESEARCH ETHICS"
5/17/1995	5/15/2001	69	"Graedon, Joe D., moderator and Harvey C. Krasny, director."	1992	<i>Ethical Issues in Scientific Research: A Public Forum</i>.	"The Research Triangle Park Club of Sigma Xi, P.O. Box 13416, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, 800/768-4336 or 803/269-7744."	"Panel discussion of hypothetical cases on authorship, peer review, data management, social responsibility, fraud and research communication."	"VIDEO, SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH, AUTHORSHIP, DATA MANAGEMENT, SCIENCE AND SOCIETY, PEER REVIEW, FRAUD, CASE STUDIES, ETHICS INSTRUCTION, RESEARCH ETHICS"
9/1/1993	5/15/2001	70	"Campbell, Donald."	1987	Ethical Issues in the Research Publication Process.	"In <i>Ethical Dilemmas for Academic Professionals</i>, edited by S.L. Payne and B.H. Charnov, pp. 69-85. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas Publisher."	"A general overview of a number of issues involved in publishing research, including plagiarism, multiple authorship, public review process, faculty obligations to students, and distortion of findings."	"PUBLISHING, PLAGIARISM, AUTHORSHIP, PEER REVIEW, DECEPTION, RESEARCH ETHICS, ACADEMIC ETHICS"
9/1/1993	5/15/2001	71	"Swazey, Judith P. et al."	1993	Ethical Problems in Academic Research.	"<i>American Scientist</i>, 81:543-553."	"Part of the Acadia Institute's Project on Professional Values and Ethical Issues in the Graduate Education of Scientists and Engineers. Surveys doctoral candidates and faculty in 100 departments of chemistry, civil engineering, microbiology, and sociology and finds substantial exposure to three areas of ethical problems: misconduct (including fabrication, falsification and plagiarism); questionable research practices (including poor research records and honorary authorship); and ""other misconduct, "" such as sexual harassment and violation of governmental regulations. Analyzes the variations across discipline, and indicates need to rethink ""bad apple"" theory of misconduct."	"RESEARCH MISCONDUCT, ACADEMIC ETHICS, CHEMISTRY, BIOLOGY, SOCIAL SCIENCE RESEARCH, DATA MANAGEMENT, SCIENCE RESEARCH, DECEPTION, RESEARCH ETHICS, FRAUD, PALGIARISM, AUTHORSHIP, SCIENTIFIC MISCONDUCT, PROFESSIONAL ETHICS, ENGINEERGING"
9/1/1993	5/15/2001	72	"Friedman, Paul J."		"Ethical Problems in Research for Discussion and ""Problems for Administrators."""	Unpublished.	"Two sets of brief case studies (17 in all), dealing with issues of authorship, intellectual property, plagiarism, and fabrication of data, are presented as examples of the controversies with which university administrators will need to be prepared to deal. Contact: School of Medicine, University of California at San Diego, San Diego, 92037."	"CASE STUDIES, AUTHORSHIP, INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY, PALGIARISM, DECEPTION, RESEARCH ETHICS, ACADEMIC ETHICS"
9/1/1993	5/15/2001	73	"Zak, Steven."	1989	Ethics and Animals.	"<i>The Atlantic Monthly</i>, 263(3):68-74."	"Discusses the so-called ""radical"" views of contemporary animal rights groups relative to the past, considers differences between ""virtue"" and ""rights"" approaches to the ethical treatment of animals, showing how the former inadequately protects animals, and concludes that legal recognition of animals' rights is necessary to their adequate protection."	"ANIMALS, ETHICS"
9/1/1993	7/17/2000	74	"Feeney, Dennis."	1987	Human Rights and Animal Welfare.	"<i>American Psychologist</i>, 47(6): 593-597."	A defense of animal experimentation written by a researcher crippled by incurable paraplegia. Critiques the antivivisectionist movement for neglecting the suffering of humans caused by failure to experiment on animals.	ANIMALS
5/18/1995	7/17/2000	75	"Chalk, Rosemary."	1993	Human Rights and Child Health.	"<i>Journal of the American Medical Association</i>, 27(4):565."		"CHILDREN, BIOMEDICAL ETHICS"
9/1/1993	7/21/2000	76	"Loeb, Jerod."	1989	Human vs. Animal Rights.	"<i>Journal of American Medicine</i>, 262(19)."	"Condensed version of the American Medical Association's detailed analysis of the controversy over the use of animals in research, including reports on the destructive and violent actions of animal rights activist movements and discussion of the consequences for research if the activists prevail."	ANIMALS
5/18/1995	7/25/2000	77	"Wong, P. T."	1981	Implicit Editorial Policies and the Integrity of Psychology as an Empirical Science.	"<i>American Psychologist</i>, 690:692."	Author suggests that editorial practices may encourage fraud.	"PUBLISHING, PSYCHOLOGY, FRAUD"
5/18/1995	5/15/2001	78	"Chalk, Rosemary."	1993	"Impure Science: Fraud, Compromise and Political Influence in Scientific Research."	<i>Technology Review</i> 96(Feb.-Mar.):69.	A review of the book by Robert Bell by the same title.	"FRAUD, RESEARCH ETHICS POLICIES, SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH, POLITICS"
5/21/1996	7/18/2000	79	"Friedman, Paul J."	1993	Integrity in Biomedical Research.	"<i>Academic Medicine, </i>, 68, Supplement 3."		BIOMEDICAL ETHICS
9/1/1993	5/15/2001	80	"Branscomb, Lewis."	1985	Integrity in Science.	"<i>American Scientist</i>, 73:421-423."	"A personal perspective on the costs that researchers' lack of integrity and honesty -- often in the form of ""honest mistakes"" with data -- has on the scientific community as a whole. Calls for commitment to quality and integrity among young scientists, career ""gatekeepers"" (e.g. tenure committees), and journal editors and working scientists."	"SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH, TRUTHTELLING, PROFESSIONAL ETHICS, RESEARCH ETHICS"
6/20/1997	5/15/2001	81	"Krulwich, Terry Ann, and Paul J. Friedman."	1993	Integrity in the Education of Researchers.	"<i>Academic Medicine</i>, 68(9)."		"ETHICS INSTRUCTION, TEACHING"
9/1/1993	5/15/2001	82	"Zatz, Joel."	1989	Intellectual Property: An Academician's Perspective.	"<i>American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education</i>, 53:346-350."	"Excellent general background to the issues surrounding patents in the academic context, including faculty research support, publication, students, record-keeping, and confidentiality."	"INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY, CONFIDENTIALITY, RESEARCH ETHICS, ACADEMIC ETHICS, PUBLISHING"
9/1/1993	5/15/2001	83	"Shaw, Margery."	1987	"Testing for the Huntington Gene: A Right to Know, a Right Not to Know, or a Duty to Know."	"<i>American Journal of Medical Genetics</i>, 26: 243-246."	"This brief article succinctly discusses the ethical problems surrounding patients's rights to obtain and to refuse knowledge after presymptomatic testing for Huntington Disease, part of a necessary program to eliminate the Huntington gene from the human species."	"GENETIC TESTING, BIOMEDICAL ETHICS, GENETIC SCREENING"
9/1/1993	5/15/2001	84	"Capron, Alexander."	1982	Is Consent Always Necessary in Social Science Research?	"in <i>Ethical Issues in Social Science Research</i>, edited by Tom Beauchamp, Ruth Faden, R. Jay Wallace, and LeRoy Walters, pp. 215-231. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press."	"Argues that informed consent may not be necessary in social science research when there are other means to fulfill its underlying purposes, including the promotion of autonomy and the protection of privacy."	"HUMAN SUBJECTS, SOCIAL SCIENCE RESEARCH, INFORMED CONSENT, CONFIDENTIALITY, SOCIAL RESEARCH ETHICS"
8/11/1994	2/15/2001	85	"Altman, Douglas G., et al."	1994	Is There a Case for an International Medical Scientific Press Council?	"<i>JAMA</i>, Vol. 272, No. 2 (July 13):166-167."	"Briefly presents three cases of authors who believe they have been dealt with unfairly by editors and suggests ""that the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors turn its attention to editorial misconduct and explore possible procedures for allowing authors' grievances to be heard and for possible sanctions if complaints are upheld."""	"PEER REVIEW, CASE STUDIES, PUBLISHING, AUTHORSHIP, MISCONDUCT"
7/8/1997	5/15/2001	86	"Beck, Alan M."	1994	Is There Intelligent (Animal) Life on Earth?	"<i>Dogs Annual</i>, pp. 144-147."	"For too long, science has dismissed the possibility that animals think. It's time to ask not 'if, ' but 'how.'"	ANIMALS
9/1/1993	5/15/2001	87	"Milgram, Stanley."	1964	Issues in the Study of Obedience: A Reply to Baumrind.	"<i>American Psychologist</i>, 19:848-852."	Milgram responds to criticism of his studies.	"HUMAN SUBJECTS, BEHAVIORAL RESEARCH, PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH"
9/1/1993	5/15/2001	88	"Robertson, John A."	1992	"Legal Issues in Genetic Testing, "	"in <i>The Genome, Ethics and the Law: Issues in Genetic Testing</i>, pp. 79-110. Washington, DC: American Association for the Advancement of Science."		"GENETIC TESTING, BIOMEDICAL ETHICS, LAW"
5/18/1995	7/24/2000	89	"Relman, A. S."	1983	Lessons from the Darsee Affair.	"<i>The New England Journal of Medicine</i>, 208:1415-1417."	The author suggests that the Darsee case indicates that science is not self-correcting. Recommendations to prevent fraud are presented.	"FRAUD, SCIENTIFIC MISCONDUCT, RESEARCH ETHICS POLICIES"
5/17/1995	7/19/2000	90	"Jones, Anne Hudson."	1994	"Literature as Mirror or Lamp?: Commentary on 'Literature, Medical Ethics, and 'Epiphanic Knowledge'''."	"<i>Journal of Clinical Ethics</i>, 5:4:340-341."	Short commentary that provides background information on the critique of principle-based medical ethics and the recent use of narrative and dramatic literature to complement analytic medical ethics. Comments on article by Anne Hunsaker Hawkins on pp. 283-290 of same issue.	BIOMEDICAL ETHICS
5/17/1995	7/19/2000	91	"Hawkins, Anne Hunsaker."	1994	"Literature, Medical Ethics, and 'Epiphanic Knowledge'."	"<i>Journal of Clinical Ethics</i>, 5(4)283-290."	The author argues that the insights that lyric poetry provides and the faculties it engages provide a needed complement to the philosophy-based ethics that dominates today's medical ethical discourse.	"BIOMEDICAL ETHICS, ETHICS INSTRUCTION"
5/17/1995	5/15/2001	92	"Kuczewski, Mark, et al."	1994	Make My Case: Ethics Teaching and Case Presentations.	"<i>Journal of Clinical Ethics</i>, 5(4):310-315."	The authors recommend real-life cases for teaching ethical problem solving. They explore the specific educational needs of two groups--medical students and health-care professionals--and offer guidelines for making oral and written case presentations.	"BIOMEDICAL ETHICS, CASE STUDIES, ETHICS INSTRUCTION, TEACHING ETHICS"
10/6/1995	5/15/2001	93	"Olmstead, Marjorie A."	1993	Mentoring New Faculty: Advice to Department Chairs.	"in <i>CSWP</i>, a newsletter of the Committee on the Status of Women in Physics of The American Physical Society, Vol. 14, No., 1, pp. 1, 8-11."	Paper originally prepared for an invited talk at a 1993 conference of physics chairs; presents suggestions for increasing the chances of success for new faculty members.	MENTORING
5/21/1996	5/15/2001	94	"Waxman, Merle."	1992	"Mentoring, Role Modeling, and the Career Development of Junior Science Faculty."	"<i>Journal of College Science Teaching</i>, 22:124-127."		"MENTORING, TEACHING"
5/21/1996	5/15/2001	95	"Djerassi, Carl."	1991	Mentoring: A Cure for Science Bashing?	"<i>Chemical and Engineering News</i>, 69 (Nov. 25):30-33."		"MENTORING, CHEMISTRY, ENGINEERING"
5/18/1995	7/25/2000	96	"Van de Kamp, J., and M. M. Cummings."	1987	<i>Misconduct and Fraud In the Life Sciences.</i>	"National Library of Medicine Literature Search 87-14. Order by sending a stamped, self-addressed envelope to: Literature Search Program, Referee Section, National Library of Medicine, 8600 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20894."	Citiations about deception and misconduct.	"FRAUD, MISCONDUCT, DECEPTION"
5/21/1996	5/15/2001	97	"U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service."	1991	Misconduct in Science and Engineering.	"<i>Federal Register</i>, 56(May 14):22287-22290."		"GOVERNMENT REGULATION, SCIENTIFIC MISCONDUCT, ENGINEERING, MISCONDUCT"
9/1/1993	5/15/2001	98	"Roberts, Leslie."	1991	Misconduct: Caltech's Trial by Fire.	"<i>Science</i>, 253:1344-47."	"Reports investigations into allegations of scientific fraud by two biology postdocs at Caltech. The article and subsequent letters from key players raise the important issues of due process and the need for external investigating committees, as well as the potential need for a course addressing scientific misconduct for new graduate students, and the responsibility of the laboratory chief in establishing ethical lab conditions."	"SCIENTIFIC MISCONDUCT, FRAUD, BIOLOGY, CASE STUDIES, RESEARCH ETHICS, TEACHING ETHICS, MISCONDUCT, ETHICS INSTRUCTION"
5/18/1995	7/18/2000	99	"Friedman, P. J."	1992	Mistakes and Fraud in Medical Research.	"<i>Law, Medicine, and Health Care</i>, 20:17-25."	"In cases of research misconduct, a balance must be struck between the acceptance of ""common, petty deception"" and protecting scientists from ""guardians of purity, "" while protecting the public from research fraud. Presents a spectrum of scientific misrepresentation with petty deception at one end and fraud on the other."	"RESEARCH MISCONDUCT, FRAUD, BIOMEDICAL ETHICS, DECEPTION"
7/8/1997	5/15/2001	100	"Beck, Alan M."	1996	"Monkey See, Human Do: The Study of Primate-Human Communication."	"<i>Semiotica</i>, 109(3/4):357-360."	"Review of <i>Aping Language</i> by Joel Wallman (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992)."	ANIMALS
9/1/1993	5/15/2001	101	"Sheldon, Mark, et al."	1989	Nazi Data: Dissociation from Evil.	"<i>Hastings Center Report</i>, pp. 16-18."	"Three commentaries on the use of Nazi data in contemporary medical research. One measured defense--based on conditions of the data's reliability, unavailability from other sources, contribution to the greater good, and publication with condemnation of the means of its initial collection--is twice countered in the name of researchers' moral integrity and refusal to legitimize the Nazis."	"RESEARCH DATA, HUMAN SUBJECTS, RESEARCH ETHICS, BIOMEDICAL ETHICS, PUBLISHING, DATA MANAGEMENT"
9/1/1993	5/15/2001	102	"Berger, Robert L."	1990	Nazi Science--The Dachau Hypothermia Experiments.	"<i>New England Journal of Medicine</i>, 322:1435-1440."	Reviews Dachau experiments and argues against use of data based on critical shortcomings in scientific content and credibility. Also argues against furthering this ethical debate so as not to suggest that Nazi experimentation yielded results worthy of consideration and beneficial to humanity.	"RESEARCH DATA, HUMAN SUBJECTS, RESEARCH ETHICS"
5/18/1995	7/25/2000	103	"Wheeler, D. L."	1991	NIH Office That Investigates Scientists' Misconduct is Target of Widespread Charges of Incompetence.	"<i>The Chronicle of Higher Education</i>, May 15, 1991:A5, A8."	"The Office of Scientific Integrity has been criticized for inefficiency, lethargy, leniency and poor organization."	GOVERNMENT REGULATION
5/18/1995	5/15/2001	104	"Holden, C."	1987	NIMH Finds a Case of Serious Misconduct.	"<i>Science</i>, 235:1566-1567."	"Oulines charges of misconduct against Dr. Stephen Breuning, a psychologist accused on inventing raw data and publishing the results of non-existent experiments. The results were used in social policy making."	"FRAUD, SCIENTIFIC MISCONDUCT, RESEARCH MISCONDUCT, PUBLISHING, PSYCHOLOGY, DECEPTION, RESEARCH ETHICS"
9/19/1994	5/16/2001	105	"Buzzelli, Donald E."	1994	NSF's Definition of Misconduct in Science.	"<i>Centennial Review</i>, 38:273-296."	"One of four essays in this issue on scientific integrity and the university. From the introduction to the issue (by Fred Gifford): ""[The author] addresses questions about the process of handling misconduct cases, this time from his point of view in a government agency. But his main focus is to address in detail a controversial question that is at least touched on in each of the other articles: the controversy over the definition of scientific misconduct. He gives an extended analysis of the various arguments against NSF's 'open-ended' definition, and attempts to show that the attack on the definition as open to abuse via arbitrary interpreation is a result of misunderstanding"" (p. 214)."	"SCIENTIFIC MISCONDUCT, POLICY, DEFINITION OF MISCONDUCT, GOVERNMENT REGULATION, ACADEMIC ETHICS"
9/1/1993	5/16/2001	106		1949	Nuremberg Code.	"in <i>Trials of War Criminals before the Nuremberg Military Tribunals under Control Council Law</i> No. 10, Vol. 2, pp. 181-182. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office. Also, reprinted in <i>Ethics and Regulation of Clinical Research</i>."	"Drafted in response to the atrocities committed in Nazi experimentation with human subjects. Sets forth the basic principles for ethical experimentation, including informed consent, social benefit that outweighs risk to subjects, avoidance of harm, necessity, qualified researchers and the subject's right to terminate the experiment at any point."	"HUMAN SUBJECTS, INFORMED CONSENT, RESEARCH ETHICS, BIOMEDICAL ETHICS, POLICY"
5/17/1995	7/17/2000	107	"Audi, Robert."	1994	On the Ethics of Teaching and the Ideals of Learning.	"<i>Academe</i>, Sept-Oct.:27-36."	"Monograph articulates four central pedagogic paradigms in college teaching (didactic, apprentice, collegial and friendship) and identifies pertinent ethical principles for the faculty-student relationship in each."	"ACADEMIC ETHICS, TEACHING"
10/4/1995	7/17/2000	108	"Braxton, John M., ed."	1994	Perspectives on Research Misconduct.	"<i>Journal of the American Medical Association</i>, 65(3):242-400."	"Special issue aimed at increasing knowledge and understanding of collective responsibility for the deterrence, detection and handling of misconduct by scientists, universities, academic journals, grant-giving agencies and legislatures."	RESEARCH MISCONDUCT
9/1/1993	6/6/2001	109	"Jonas, Hans."	1969	Philosophical Reflections on Experimenting with Human Subjects.	"<i>Daedalus</i>, 98(2):219-47."	"Considers the use of human subjects to be a balance of social needs vs. matters of individual sacrosanticity and personal dignity. Argues that consent to experimentation, regardless of the importance of the research, is insufficient because of the primacy of the individual and the personal sacrifice involved. Also argues that it is necessary to consider how proximate the subject's interests are to those of the interests of the researcher and whether the experiment relates to the subject's own disease."	"HUMAN SUBJECTS, BIOMEDICAL ETHICS, INFORMED CONSENT, RESEARCH ETHICS, SCIENCE AND SOCIETY, ETHICAL THEORY, ETHICS, SELECTION OF SUBJECTS, THERAPEUTIC OBLIGATIONS, DEATH"
9/1/1993	5/16/2001	110	"Pardes, Herbert, et al."	1991	Physicians and the Animal-Rights Movement.	"<i>New England Journal of Medicine</i>, 324(4):1640-1643."	"Warns of the dangers that animal-rights activists pose to medical research, discusses the tactics of activists, including frightening the public, using ""psychological warfare, "" violence, legal maneuvers, and the myth of alternatives, and urges physicians to inform their patients about the benefits and importance of experimentation with animals."	ANIMALS
9/1/1993	5/16/2001	111	"Budiansky, Stephen."	1987	Playing Roulette with Experimental Drugs.	"<i>U.S. News and World Report</i>, 103(July 13):58-59."	Reviews the ethical issue arising from physician-researchers' zeal to enroll subjects in experimental drug tests that may not be in the subjects' best interests.	"HUMAN SUBJECTS, RESEARCH ETHICS, BIOMEDICAL ETHICS"
9/1/1993	7/18/2000	112	"Friedman, Paul J."		Practical Ethical Issues in Scientific Research: Outline of a Discussion.	Unpublished.	"Lecture/course outline addresses boundaries between research practice and unethical actions, sources of practical problems, and research training and supervision. Contact: School of Medicine, University of California at San Diego, San Diego, 92037."	"SYLLABUS, SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH, RESEARCH ETHICS"
9/1/1993	7/19/2000	113	"Hayden, Michael R."	1991	Predictive Testing for Huntington Disease: Are We Ready for Widespread Community Implementation?	"<i>American Journal of Medical Genetics</i>, 40:515-517."		"GENETIC TESTING, BIOMEDICAL ETHICS"
9/1/1993	7/25/2000	115	"Wexler, Nancy."	1993	Presymptomatic Testing for Huntington's Disease: Harbinger of the New Genetics.	"<i>National Forum</i>, 73:22-26."		"GENETIC TESTING, BIOMEDICAL ETHICS"
9/1/1993	5/16/2001	116	"Dorozynski, Alexander."	1991	Privacy Rules Blindside French Glaucoma Effort.	"<i>Science</i>, 252 (April 19):369-370."	Report on the ethical implications of a plan in a French village to notify potential carriers of a genetic defect that can lead to blindness.	"BIOMEDICAL ETHICS, CONFIDENTIALITY, RESEARCH ETHICS, HUMAN SUBJECTS, GENETIC RESEARCH"
9/1/1993	7/21/2000	117	"Milgram, Stanley."	1974	Problems of Ethics in Research.	"In <i>Obedience to Authority: An Experimental View</i>, pp. 193-202. New York: Harper and Row Publishing."	Milgram defends the ethical legitimacy of his experiments that involved the deception of human subjects.	"HUMAN SUBJECTS, DECEPTION, RESEARCH ETHICS, PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH"
10/6/1995	7/19/2000	118	"Heath, A.G."	1989	Professional Ethics for Research Biologists.	"<i>BioScience</i>, 39:472-474."	"Outlines ethical issues involved in five states of research and its applications: initial ideas for research, gathering data, interpretation of results, publication and evaluation of research and dealing with peers."	"BIOLOGY, PROFESSIONAL ETHICS, RESEARCH ETHICS, DATA MANAGEMENT, PEER REVIEW, PUBLISHING"
5/21/1996	7/17/2000	119	"Blair, Claudia, and Walter Schaffer."	1991	Promotion of the Responsible Conduct of Research.	"<i>NIH Peer Review Notes, </i>, June:4-6."		"POLICY, MISCONDUCT, RESEARCH ETHICS"
9/1/1993	5/16/2001	120	U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.	1990	Protection of Human Subjects.	"<i>Code of Federal Regulations</i>, Title 45, Part 46."	Sets forth federal regulations for the protection of human subjects -- the institutional review board system.	"HUMAN SUBJECTS, GOVERNMENT REGULATION, IRB (INSTITIONAL REVIEW BOARD), RESEARCH ETHICS"
5/18/1995	7/17/2000	121	"Chalk, Rosemary, and Patricia Woolf"	1989	"Regulating a 'Knowledge Business': The Research Community Must Better Investigate--and Prevent--Scientific Misconduct, Lest Others Fill the Breach."	"<i>Issues in Science and Technology</i>, 5(2):33."		SCIENTIFIC MISCONDUCT
5/18/1995	7/17/2000	122	"Broad, W. J."	1982	Report Absolves Harvard in Case of Fakery.	"<i>Science</i>, 215:875-876."	Suggests that Harvard University was cleared of wrong-doing in the Dr. John Darsee fraud case because of an inadequate investigation. Presents the investigating committee's recommendations for reducing the occurrence of research misconduct.	"CASE STUDIES, RESEARCH MISCONDUCT, RESEARCH ETHICS POLICIES"
9/1/1993	7/17/2000	123	"Chubin, Daryl."	1985	Research Malpractice.	"<i>Bioscience</i>, 35:80-89."	"A useful reference article that draws distinctions between practice and malpractice at four stages in the scientific research process: production, reporting, disseminating, and evaluating ideas and information. Chubin reviews responses to malpractice and measures to control it within academic, governmental and public contexts."	"SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH, RESEARCH ETHICS, POLICY"
10/4/1995	5/16/2001	124	"Burk, Dan L."	1995	"Research Misconduct: Deviance, Due Process, and the Disestablishment of Science."	"<i>George Mason Independent Law Review</i>, 3(2):305-350."	"This essay examines how scientific misconduct is playing a pivotal role in defining the future state of science because it serves as a contact point between the institutions of science and those of the law. Specifically, due process procedures are driving social institutions of science away from their traditionally informal structure and toward a more rigid and formal structure reflecting that of legal institutions."	"RESEARCH MISCONDUCT, LAW"
9/1/1993	5/16/2001	125	"Baumrind, Diana."	1985	Research Using Intentional Deception.	"<i>American Psychologist</i>, 40(2):165-74."	"Reviews ethical issues concerning intentional deception ten years after the publication of APA guidelines on research with human subjects, and concludes that the guidelines have not reduced intentional deception. Offers alternative research strategies for avoiding deception and for debriefing subjects."	"HUMAN SUBJECTS, DECEPTION, RESEARCH ETHICS, PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH, POLICY, THERAPEUTIC OBLIGATIONS"
9/1/1993	7/21/2000	126	"Newman, Alan."	1989	Research versus Animal Rights: Is There a Middle Ground?	"<i>American Scientist</i>, 77:135-137."	"Reports on the rise of animal rights activism and its impact on researchers, including the development of alternatives to experimental use of animals."	ANIMALS
9/1/1993	7/25/2000	127	"U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service."	1989	Responsibilities of Awardee and Applicant Institutions for Dealing with and Reporting Possible Misconduct in Science.	"<i>Federal Register</i>, 54(151):32446-32451."		"RESEARCH ETHICS POLICIES, SCIENTIFIC MISCONDUCT, GOVERNMENT REGULATION, GOVERNMENT FUNDING"
9/1/1993	5/16/2001	128	"Shamoo, Adil E."	1992	Role of Conflict of Interest in Scientific Objectivity: A Case of a Nobel Prize Work.	"<i>Accountability in Research</i>, 2:55-75."	"Investigates research that led to the 1985 Nobel Prize in biology as an illustration of the lacking ""objectivity"" among leading scientists in their citations of ""direct competitors"" research. Calls for renewing the scientific ethos of cooperation and unselfish acknowledgment of others' work in the face of competition for public recognition, prizes and commercial gain."	"CONFLICT OF INTEREST, PEER REVIEW, BIOLOGY, CASE STUDIES, PROFESSIONAL ETHICS, PUBLISHING, ACADEMIC ETHICS, PROFESSIONAL ETHICS"
5/18/1995	7/17/2000	129	"Broad, W. J., and N. Wade."	1982	Science's Faulty Fraud Detectors.	"<i>Psychology Today</i>, Nov. 1982: 51-57."	"The author suggests that an ineffective three-tiered system of scientific self-correction is the source of increased fraud. The case of Marvin Spector illustrates the failure of replication, the third tier, in preventing scientific fraud."	"FRAUD, PEER REVIEW, SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH, RESEARCH ETHICS, CASE STUDIES"
9/1/1993	7/17/2000	130	"Burd, Gail D."	1992	"Science, Society and Ethics."	Unpublished.	"An 8-week course outline designed to meet NIH ethics instruction requirements for pre-and postdoctoral trainees on training grants. Topics include: ethical decision-making, scientists and their political environment, fraud, whistle blowing, plagiarism, grant writing, and women and minorities in science. Bibliography and discussion guidelines included. Contact: Department of Anatomy and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Life Sciences South Building, University of Arizona, Tucson, 85721."	"SYLLABUS, ETHICS INSTRUCTION, SCIENCE AND SOCIETY, FRAUD, WHISTLEBLOWING, PLAGIARISM, WOMEN, GOVERNMENT REGULATION"
5/18/1995	7/24/2000	131	"Smith, R. J."	1991	Scientific Fraud Probed at AAAS Meeting.	"<i>Science</i>, 228:1292."	A panel of academic officials and scientific journal editors agrees that incentives for prolific publishing reward unethical behavior.	"FRAUD, SCIENTIFIC MISCONDUCT, PUBLISHING"
5/17/1995	5/17/2001	132	"Goodstein, David."	1991	Scientific Fraud.	"<i>The American Scholar</i>, 60:505-515."	"Gives examples of scientific fraud and history of federal regulations on scientific misconduct. The author argues that there is a difference between true fraud and harmless minor hypocrisies. In fact, he doubts that scientific progress would occur if all scientists rigorously adhered to proper scientific procedure at all times."	"FRAUD, HISTORY, GOVERNMENT REGULATION, RESEARCH ETHICS, SCIENTIFIC MISCONDUCT"
9/1/1993	5/17/2001	133	"Smith, David H."	1978	Scientific Knowledge and Forbidden Truth.	"<i>Hastings Center Report</i>, Vol. 8, No. 6(Dec.):30-34."	"Argues against the implicit correlation in Western culture between scientific knowledge and virtue, and against the absolute right of scholars to freedom of inquiry. Sketches ways that knowledge may be immoral in use, acquisition, or impact, and advocates self-disciplined hesitation in publication of scientific findings."	"FREEDOM OF INQUIRY, VIRTUE, PUBLISHING, RESEARCH ETHICS, BIOMEDICAL ETHICS, HUMAN SUBJECTS, ACADEMIC ETHICS, PUBLISHING"
8/11/1994	7/21/2000	134	"Nigg, Herbert N., and Gabriela Radulescu."	1994	Scientific Misconduct in Environmental Science and Toxicology.	"<i>Journal of the American Medical Association, </i> Vol. 272, No. 2(July 13):168-170."	"Claims that ""scientific misconduct easily occurs in environmental science and toxicology"" and briefly describes four cases. Concludes that ""scientific misconduct may occur undetected across phyla, genera, and species; that distance from the publishing source makes detection more difficult; that editors and reviewers are not organized to take action against scientific misconduct; that plagiarized authors are likely to report plagiarism; and that there is only a small risk of censure from any source for authors engaging in scientific misconduct."""	"SCIENTIFIC MISCONDUCT, CASE STUDIES, PUBLISHING, PEER REVIEW, PLAGIARISM"
5/21/1996	5/17/2001	135	"Alberts, Bruce, and Kenneth Shine."	1994	Scientists and the Integrity of Research.	"<i>Science</i>, 266:1660-1661."		"SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH, MISCONDUCT, RESEARCH ETHICS"
5/21/1996	5/17/2001	136	"Rosenberg, Steven A."	1996	Secrecy in Medical Research.	"<i>New England Journal of Medicine</i>, 334: 92-394."		"SECRECY, BIOMEDICAL ETHICS, RESEARCH ETHICS"
5/19/1995	5/17/2001	137	NOVA.	1994	<i>Secret of the Wild Child</i>.	Boston: NOVA Star of Science Television/WGBH.	"Reviewed in <i>New England Journal of Medicine, </i> Vol. 331, No.15 (Oct. 13, 1994):1030-1031. Follows the first five years of a 13-year-old girl's life after being freed from a home prison where she had been held since age 2. Raises issues involving the interrelations between professionals' personal needs, patient care and the demands of science."	"VIDEO, CHILDREN, SOCIAL RESEARCH ETHICS, CONFLICT OF INTEREST, CASE STUDIES, SOCIAL SCIENCE RESEARCH"
5/18/1995	8/2/2001	138	"Keith-Spiegel, Patricia, et al."	1993	"Sensitizing Undergraduate Students to the Nature, Causes, Scope and Consequences of Research Fraud: Preliminary Report."	American Psychological Association Division Two (Teaching) Executive Committee.	Reports results of survey completed by 65 undergraduate psychology majors who were asked to respond to a series of scenarios describing instances of research fraud. The survey was meant to assess the extent of students' sensitivity to misconduct in preparation for the development of a pamphlet to sensitize undergraduates to scientific values.	"CASE STUDIES, ETHICS INSTRUCTION, MISCONDUCT, FRAUD, RESEARCH ETHICS, RESEARCH ON ETHICS"
5/21/1996	5/17/2001	139	"Fienberg, Stephen E., et al., eds."	1985	Sharing Research Data.	"National Research Council, Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education, Committee on National Statistics (Washington, DC: National Academy Press.)"		"DATA MANAGEMENT, SECRECY, INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY, FREEDOM OF INQUIRY, RESEARCH ETHICS"
5/21/1996	5/17/2001	140	"Weil, Vivian, and Rachelle Hollander."	1990	Sharing Scientific Data II: Normative Issues.	"<i>IRB</i>, 12:7-8."		"SECRECY, DATA MANAGEMENT, INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY, RESEARCH ETHICS"
10/10/1995	7/17/2000	141	"Fienberg, Stephen E."	1994	"Sharing Statistical Data in the Biomedical and Health Sciences: Ethical, Institutional, Legal, and Professional Dimensions."	"<i>Annual Review of Public Health</i>, 15:1-18."	Observes that the modern infrastructure of computer networking and the availability of cheap mass storage have removed many major barriers to data sharing. Article discusses the benefits and costs of data sharing and developments specific to data gathered and analyzed by health professionals and researchers.	"BIOMEDICAL ETHICS, DATA MANAGEMENT, ETHICS AND TECHNOLOGY, INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY"
6/11/1996	5/18/2001	142	"Brush, Stephen G."	1974	Should the History of Science Be Rated X?: The Way Scientists Behave (According to Historians) Might Not Be a Good Model for Students.	"<i>Science</i>, 183:1164-1172."	"Explores the possible dangers of using the history of science in science education because the writings of contemporary science historians ""do violence to the professional ideal and public image of scientists as rational, open-minded investigators, proceeding methodically, grounded incontrovertibly in the outcome of controlled experiments, and seeking objectively the truth, let the chips fall where they may"" (p. 1164)."	"TEACHING, HISTORY"
5/18/1995	7/19/2000	143	"Jensen, A. R."	1978	Sir Cyril Burt in Perspective.	"<i>American Psychologist</i>, 78:449-503."	"Argues that Cyril Burt's data anomalies are just ""human error."""	"SCIENTIFIC MISCONDUCT, CASE STUDIES, DATA MANAGEMENT, RESEARCH ETHICS"
9/1/1993	7/24/2000	144	"Switzer, Robert L."		Six Case Studies.	Unpublished.	"Case studies with questions, appropriate for undergraduates, address conflicts of interest, fraud, authorship, sexual misconduct. Contact: Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, 61801."	"CASE STUDIES, CONFLICT OF INTEREST, FRAUD, AUTHORSHIP, PROFESSIONAL ETHICS, SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH, BIOLOGY, CHEMISTRY"
9/1/1993	7/19/2000	145	"Kevles, Daniel J."	1993	Social and Ethical Issues in the Human Genome Project.	"<i>National Forum</i>, 73:18-21."		"GENETIC RESEARCH, BIOMEDICAL ETHICS"
5/18/1995	7/24/2000	146	"Strikwerda, Robert A., and John Minor Ross."	1992	Software and Ethical Softness.	"<i>Collegiate Microcomputer</i>, 10(3):129-136."	Analyzes ethical issues involved in the illegal use of software and presents empirical evidence suggesting the nature and scope of the problem.	"COMPUTERS, ETHICS AND TECHNOLOGY"
9/1/1993	7/21/2000	147	"Milgram, Stanley."	1965	Some Conditions of Obedience and Disobedience to Authority.	"<i>Human Relations</i>, 18:57-76."	"Describes the famous ""Milgram"" experiments, which involved the deception of human subjects in order to test their willingness to inflict pain on other human beings in obedience to authority."	"HUMAN SUBJECTS, CASE STUDIES, RESEARCH ETHICS, DECEPTION, PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH, BEHAVIORAL RESEARCH"
5/18/1995	2/15/2001	148	AAUP.	1990	Statement on Multiple Authorship.	"<i>Academe</i>, Sept.-Oct."		"PUBLISHING, AUTHORSHIP"
9/1/1993	5/18/2001	149	Sigma Xi.	1992	Statement on the Use of Animals in Research.	"<i>American Scientist</i>, 80:73-76."	"Presents Sigma Xi's recognition of the value of animals and their responsible use in scientific research based on three considerations: the importance for advancing scientific knowledge; the contributions to medical research, and to the study of ecology and environmental problems; and the presence of comprehensive guidelines to ensure humane treatment of animal subjects. Observes a distinction between animal rights (denied) and animal welfare (affirmed)."	"ANIMALS, SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH, POLICY"
9/1/1993	5/18/2001	150	"Herzog, Harold."	1992	Statement on the Use of Animals in Research.	"<i>American Scientist</i>, 80 (Jan./Feb.):73-76."	"Following a request for commentary from all chapter and clubs of the Society, this statement reflects Sigma Xi's policy on the responsible use of animals in research, based on the assumption that ""well-conducted research with animals has provided, and continues to provide, information, ideas, and applications that can be obtained in no other way"". Proposes limiting research using animals to that which is necessary, finding alternatives where feasible, and ensuring that animals do not suffer unnecessarily."	"ANIMALS, POLICY"
5/18/1995	5/18/2001	151	"McDonald, C. S., and K. A. Peterson."	1988	Teaching Commitment to Accuracy in Research: Comment on Cronan-Hillix.	"<i>Teaching of Psychology</i>, 18:100-101."	"Criticism of Cronan-Hillix's (1988, ""Teaching students the importance of accuracy in research, "" <i>Teaching of Psychology, </i> 15, (205-207) policy of giving failing grades for research papers with even one error."	"TEACHING ETHICS, RESEARCH ETHICS, PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH, TEACHING"
5/21/1996	5/18/2001	152	"Sachs, Greg A., and Mark Siegler."	1993	Teaching Scientific Integrity and the Responsible Conduct of Research.	"<i>Academic Medicine</i>, 68:871-875."		"ETHICS INSTRUCTION, SCIENCE RESEARCH, TEACHING"
9/19/1994	5/18/2001	153	"Gifford, Fred."	1994	Teaching Scientific Integrity.	"<i>Centennial Review</i>, 38:297-314."	"One of four essays in this issue on scientific integrity and the university. From the introduction to the issue (by Fred Gifford): ""[The author] addresses the concern about misconduct in research from another angle: an attempt to institute preventive measures via a pilot project in the education of scientists. He presents the first module in a program of scientific research ethics -- a case study concerning dilemmas over being less than truthful about the presentation of data, and a set of discussion questions -- to be used in small discussion groups of graduate students and postdoctorate fellows in the sciences. Reflection on the role of such an educational module in the science curriculum poses questions both about pedagogy and about whether or not such instruction concerning ethical problems can (and ought to) be viewed as internal to the scientific community. This last raises in a different way the issue of the socal contract between science and society."""	"RESEARCH MISCONDUCT, ETHICS INSTRUCTION, TRUTHTELLING, RESEARCH ETHICS, CASE STUDIES, DECEPTION, TEACHING ETHICS, SCIENCE AND SOCIETY, TEACHING"
5/18/1995	5/18/2001	154	"Cronan-Hillix, T."	1988	Teaching Students the Importance of Accuracy in Research.	"<i>Teaching of Psychology</i>, 15:205-207."	"The author assigns failing grades to students whose results sections in research papers include even one error in order to drive home the point that attention to detail is critical. Students may correct and resubmit, but resubmitted papers are penalized one letter grade."	"ETHICS INSTRUCTION, SCIENCE RESEARCH, TEACHING"
5/18/1995	5/18/2001	155	"Cronan-Hillix, T."	1991	Teaching Students the Importance of Accuracy in Research: A Reply to McDonald and Peterson.	"<i>Teaching of Psychology</i>, 18:101-102."	"Citing personal experience with their effective use, the author defends reward and punishment as tools for teaching students to pay attention to details in their research."	"ETHICS INSTRUCTION, SCIENCE RESEARCH, TEACHING"
5/21/1996	7/24/2000	156	"Price, Alan R."	1994	The 1993 ORI/AAAS Conference on Plagiarism and Theft of Ideas.	"<i>Journal of Information Ethics</i>, 3:54-63."		"INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY, PUBLISHING, PLAGIARISM, RESEARCH ETHICS"
5/21/1996	7/14/2000	157		1995	The Betrayers.	London: Horizon/BBC.	"Available from British Broadcasting Company, P.O. Box 7, London, W3 6XJ, England."	VIDEO
9/1/1993	5/18/2001	158	"Donnelley, Strachan, et al."	1994	The Brave New World of Animal Biotechnology.	"Special Supplement, <i>Hastings Center Report</i>, Vol. 24, No.1 (January-February)."	"A sequel to the earlier ""Animals, Science, and Ethics"" addressing three aspects of animal biotechnology: definitions of transgenic organisms and their applications in areas of health, commerce, and scientific research; ethical challenges to animal biotechnology and the contextual ""moral ecology"" of animal use in the wild, in scientific labs, in the marketplace, and on farms; and policies and regulations for the use of transgenic animals."	"ANIMALS, BIOMEDICAL ETHICS, POLICY"
9/1/1993	5/18/2001	159	"Cohen, Carl."	1986	The Case for the Use of Animals in Biomedical Research.	"<i>New England Journal of Medicine</i>, 315(14):865-869."	Argues that animals have no rights and that speciesism is an inadequate rationale for prohibiting the use of animals in research. Concludes that alternatives should be utilized where possible but that animal research cannot be eliminated; the use of animals in research should be increased rather than decreased to avoid using humans as subjects; and that the perspectives of opponents to animal experimentation is seldom consistent.	"ANIMALS, BIOMEDICAL ETHICS"
10/9/1995	7/24/2000	161	"Pfeifer, M.P., and G.L. Snodgrass."	1990	"The Continued Use of Retracted, Invalid Scientific Literature."	"<i>Journal of the American Medical Association</i>, 263:1420-1423."	"A study comparing the number of citations for retracted articles vs. ""unquestioned"" articles."	"FRAUD, SCIENTIFIC MISCONDUCT, PEER REVIEW, PUBLISHING, RESEARCH DATA"
5/17/1995	8/2/2001	162	"Shapiro, David W., et al."	1994	The Contributions of Authors to Multiauthored Biomedical Research Papers.	"<i>Journal of the American Medical Association</i>, 271(6):438-442."	"Concludes, on the basis of survey results, that the core purposes of scientific authorship--to confer credit and denote responsibility for research--are not adequately met by current authorship practices."	"BIOMEDICAL ETHICS, RESEARCH ETHICS, PUBLISHING, AUTHORSHIP, RESEARCH ON ETHICS"
9/19/1994	5/18/2001	163	"Guston, David H."	1994	The Demise of the Social Contract for Science: Misconduct in Science and the Nonmodern World.	"<i>Centennial Review</i>, 38:215-248."	"One of four essays in this issue on scientific integrity and the university. From the introduction to the issue (by Fred Gifford): ""[The author] places a careful accounting of recent events concerning scientific misconduct in a broad framework of science policy, political philosophy, and the social studies of science. He argues that the 'social contract for science, ' the view that 'the federal government provides funds for basic research in academia and agrees not to interfere with scientific decision-making, ' is an idea that the present crisis concerning scientific misconduct is causing to be fundamentally rethought"" (p. 213)."	"SCIENTIFIC MISCONDUCT, GOVERNMENT FUNDING, POLICY"
9/1/1993	7/17/2000	164	"DeGrazia, David."	1991	The Ethical Justification for Minimal Paternalism in the Use of the Predictive Test for Huntington's Disease.	"<i>The Journal of Clinical Ethics</i>, 2(4):219-228."		"GENETIC TESTING, BIOMEDICAL ETHICS"
9/1/1993	5/18/2001	165	"Rosner, Fred, et. al."	1991	The Ethics of Using Scientific Data Obtained by Immoral Means.	"<i>New York State Journal of Medicine</i>, 91(2): 34-139."	"Reviews three areas of research that have sparked the debate about using Nazi data; an EPE phosgene study, hypothermia research and use of Nazi victims' skeleton in anatomy classes. Indicates that at bioethics conferences consensus has not emerged, although authors claim Berger's (1990) discrediting of the data on scientific grounds should definitively end the debate. Points to the loopholes in ethical review of research reported in manuscripts submitted to medical journals."	"RESEARCH DATA, HUMAN SUBJECTS, RESEARCH ETHICS, BIOMEDICAL ETHICS"
9/1/1993	5/18/2001	166	"Mazur, Alan."	1989	The Experience of Universities in Handling Allegations of Fraud or Misconduct in Research (excerpts).	"in <i>Project on Scientific Fraud and Misconduct: Report on Workshop Number Two, </i> AAAS-ABA Nat, Conf. of Lawyers and Scientists. Washington, D.C.: AAAS."	"Summarizes eight highly-publicized cases of research fraud in the U.S. in the 1970's and '80's, suggesting the slowness and inadequacy of university investigations."	"RESEARCH MISCONDUCT, FRAUD, RESEARCH ETHICS, CASE STUDIES"
9/1/1993	5/18/2001	167	"Lifton, Robert Jay."	1988	The Experimental Impulse.	in <i>The Nazi Doctors: Medical Killing and the Psychology of Genocide</i>. New York: Basic Books.	Discusses the biographies of doctors Carl Clauberg and Horst Schumann and their sterilization and castration experiments at Auschwitz in relationship to the broader Nazi biomedical vision.	"HUMAN SUBJECTS, RESEARCH ETHICS, BIOMEDICAL ETHICS, EUGENEICS, HISTORY"
9/19/1994	7/13/2000	168	"Wright, David E."	1994	The Federal Research Misconduct Regulations as Viewed from the Research Universities.	"<i>Centennial Review</i>, 38:249-272."	"One of four essays in this issue on scientific integrity and the university. From the introduction to the issue (by Fred Gifford): ""[The author] examines the process by which misconduct cases are investigated, from the perspective of those in a university administration. He fits the developments in policy concerning allegations of misconduct into a general model that applies as well to other instances of the federal regulation of scientific research. Amongst the many points put into relief from this perspective is that, while a certain sort of case initiates the process by which regulations are first created, a quite different sort of case becomes the prominent one to which these regulations end up being applied, requiring reinterpretation in the process"" (p. 213)."	"MISCONDUCT, POLICY, GOVERNMENT REGULATION"
10/19/1995	7/24/2000	169	"Sanders, Michael."	1995	The Forgotten Curriculum: An Argument for Medical Ethics Education.	"<i>Journal of the American Medical Association</i>, 274 (9): 68-769."	"A plea for systematic ethics instruction as part of medical training, including an ethics question on the board and the establishment of ethics departments in medical schools."	"ETHICS INSTRUCTION, BIOMEDICAL ETHICS"
5/21/1996	7/17/2000	170	"Bebeau, Muriel J., and Stephen J. Thoma."	1994	The Impact of a Dental Ethics Curriculum on Moral Reasoning.	"<i>Journal of Dental Education</i>, 58:684-692."		ETHICS INSTRUCTION
5/17/1995	7/18/2000	171	"Garfield, E., and A. Welljams-Doroff."	1990	The Impact of Fraudulent Research on the Scientific Literature: The Stephen E. Bruening Case.	"<i>Journal of the American Medical Association</i>, 263:1424-1426."	Concludes that suspicion and/or official judgments of scientific misconduct or fraud are followed by decreases in citations.	"FRAUD, PUBLISHING, SCIENTIFIC MISCONDUCT, CASE STUDIES"
9/1/1993	7/19/2000	172	"Herzog, Harold."	1988	The Moral Status of Mice.	"<i>American Psychologist</i>, 43(6):473-474."	"This short but poignant article develops a ""typology of mice"" to demonstrate how the same animals given different roles and labels in different settings receive different moral consideration, suggesting that the labels animals receive influence their moral status and treatment."	ANIMALS
9/1/1993	7/24/2000	173	"Sholiton, Faye."	1989	The Nazis and America.	"<i>Hadassah Magazine</i>, Aug./Sept.:14-15."	"Discusses viewpoints on both sides of the international debate among scientists, doctors, and ethicists over the ethics of reusing human subject research data collected by the Nazis."	"RESEARCH DATA, HUMAN SUBJECTS, INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH, RESEARCH ETHICS"
9/1/1993	5/18/2001	174	"Brobeck, Sonja."	1990	The Need for Better Ethical Guidelines for Conducting and Reporting Research.	"<i>Journal of Curriculum and Supervision</i>, 5(Winter):194-200."	"Briefly summarizes the development of regulations establishing standards for the treatment of human subjects in research. Argues for improved standards in such areas as researcher qualifications, specification of the characteristics of the particular group to be studied, improved methods of data collection and maintenance of the subject's privacy and anonymity of subjects."	"HUMAN SUBJECTS, RESEARCH ETHICS POLICIES, PUBLISHING, DATA MANAGEMENT, CONFIDENTIALITY"
9/1/1993	5/18/2001	175	"Dworkin, Roger."	1986	The New Genetics.	"In <i>BIOLAW: A Legal and Ethical Reporter on Medicine, Health Care and Bioengineering</i>, pp. 89-112. New York: University Publications of America."	"Provides an overview of the legal and ethical issues involved in genetic screening, including physician's obligations in genetic counseling, prenatal diagnosis and conveying information to the patient and others; state sponsored and mandatory employer screening; and genetic engineering and gene therapy."	"GENETIC SCREENING, GENETIC COUNSELING, EUGENICS, HUMAN GENE THERAPY, BIOMEDICAL ETHICS"
9/1/1993	7/17/2000	176	"Croll, Roger."	1984	The Noncontributing Author: An Issue of Credit and Responsibility.	"<i>Perspectives in Biology and Medicine</i>, 27:401-407."	"Exposes inaccuracies in the assumption that all authors listed on a research article have contributed to the underlying research, discusses problems with current practices, and proposes changes that would require authors to have made significant contributions to the research and make them responsible for all aspects of the article."	"AUTHORSHIP, RESEARCH ETHICS"
5/21/1996	7/18/2000	177	"Fishbach, Ruth L., and Diane C. Gilbert."	1995	The Ombudsman for Research Practice: A Proposal for a New Position and an Invitation to Comment.	"<i>Science and Engineering Ethics</i>, 1:389-402."		"MISCONDUCT, POLICY"
9/1/1993	5/18/2001	178	"Macklin, Ruth."	1982	The Problem of Adequate Disclosure in Social Science Research.	"in <i>Ethical Issues in Social Science Research<i>, edited by Tom Beauchamp, Ruth Faden, R. Jay Wallace, and LeRoy Walters, pp. 193-214. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press."	"Supports the application of federal regulations for the protection of human subjects to the social sciences as well as the medical sciences, arguing that the dangers of harm to human subjects and need for informed consent make the principles underlying such regulations, including respect for persons and a utilitarian weighing of social benefits against personal costs, equally applicable. Concludes that outright deception, withholding information relevant to the subject's decision to participate and disguised participant-observation are unethical."	"HUMAN SUBJECTS, GOVERNMENT REGULATION, INFORMED CONSENT, DECEPTION, TRUTHTELLING, SOCIAL SCIENCE RESEARCH, BIOMEDICAL ETHICS, SOCIAL RESEARCH ETHICS, RESEARCH ETHICS"
9/1/1993	7/13/2000	179	"Wiggins, Sandi, et al."	1992	The Psychological Consequences of Predictive Testing for Huntington's Disease.	"<i>New England Journal of Medicine</i>, 327(20):1402-1405."		"GENETIC TESTING, PSYCHOLOGY"
8/11/1994	7/25/2000	180	"Whitely, William P., et al."	1994	The Scientific Community's Response to Evidence of Fraudulent Publication: The Robert Slutsky Case.	"<i>Journal of the American Medical Association</i>, Vol. 272, No. 2(July 13):170-173."	"Compares citations made to articles by an author known to have published fraudulent articles (Slutsky) to citations made to a set of control articles. Concludes that ""when alerted to the presence of fraudulent results in the literature, the scientific community responds by reducing the number of citations of the tainted articles. In the Slutsky case, general news articles and three reviews . . . were most effective and retractions were least effective in purging fraudulent results from the literature."""	"PEER REVIEW, FRAUD, PUBLISHING, RESEARCH ETHICS, CASE STUDIES"
8/1/1994	7/24/2000	181	"Rennie, Drummond, and Annette Flanagin."	1994	The Second International Congress on Peer Review in Biomedical Research.	"<i>Journal of the American Medical Association</i>, Vol. 272, No. 2 (July 13):91."	Introduction to a special issue of the <i>Journal of the American Medical Association</i> on peer review. Issue includes 26 papers.	PEER REVIEW
5/18/1995	7/18/2000	182	"Flanagan, M. F., and B. Robinson."	1978	The Secrecy Game Revisited.	"<i>American Psychologist</i>, 33:775-776."	"Empirical support for Dunnette's (1966, <i>American Psychologist</i>, 21, 343-352) assertion that psychologists often fail to report significant pieces of information in their research articles. The author discusses implications for replication and validity assessment, and presents recommendations to correct secrecy."	"PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH, SECRECY, RESEARCH ETHICS POLICIES, PEER REVIEW, PUBLISHING"
9/1/1993	7/24/2000	183	"Singer, Peter."	1990	The Significance of Animal Suffering.	"<i>Behavioral and Brain Sciences</i>, 13(1):9-12."	"Argues that animals suffer, that their suffering is of moral consequence, and that there is no characteristic that makes humans universally more significant morally than animals. Concludes that ""speciesism"" -- the preferential treatment of humans over animals -- is not justified, and that we should instead consider the suffering of animals as on a moral par with our own."	ANIMALS
9/1/1993	7/19/2000	184	"Grady, Denise."	1987	The Ticking of a Time Bomb in the Genes.	"<i>Discover</i>, 8:26-35."	"Excellent general discussion of testing and notification for Huntington Disease, raising ethical issues of confidentiality and the right to know test results."	"GENETIC TESTING, CONFIDENTIALITY, BIOMEDICAL ETHICS"
9/1/1993	7/21/2000	185	"Miller, Neal."	1985	The Value of Behavioral Research on Animals.	<i>American Psychologist</i>. 40(4):423-440.	"Refutes the position of some animal rights activists that animal experimentation has been valueless by discussing the many varied contributions that animal experimentation has made to medicine and health, including benefits to animals, protection of people and crops, behavior therapy and medicine, stress and pain therapy, and learning and memory deficits."	"ANIMALS, BEHAVIORAL RESEARCH"
1/31/1996	5/18/2001	186	"Janis, Allen I."	1994	The Value of Scientific Failure.	"in <i>Scientific Failure</i>, ed. Tamara Horowitz and Allen I. Janis, pp. 13-17. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield Publishers, Inc."	"Since at least some scientific misconduct arises from researchers who fudge data to get the ""right"" answer, having students read this essay might lessen their temptation to fabricate data. The whole book underscores the important point that failure is part and parcel of the scientific enterprise, and apparent failure has often led to important scientific breakthroughs."	"SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH, SCIENTIFIC MISCONDUCT, TEACHING ETHICS, ETHICS INSTRUCTION, RESEARCH ETHICS"
9/1/1993	7/21/2000	187	"Office of Research Integrity (Research Integrity Branch, Office of the General Counsel)."	1993	<i>The Whistleblower's Conditional Privilege to Report Allegations of Scientific Misconduct.</i>	"Office of Research Integrity, Suite 700, 5515 Security Lane, Rockville, MD 20852."	"Discusses the Public Health Service's scientific misconduct regulation to protect whistleblowers who allege misconduct, in good faith. Specifically discusses principles of public and common interest, as well as self-interest on the part of the whistleblower. Also covers implications of abusing the privilege to report allegations."	"WHISTLEBLOWING, GOVERNMENT REGULATION"
9/1/1993	5/18/2001	188	"O'Brien, Margaret, and Carol Levine."	1980	The XYY Controversy: Researching Violence and Genetics.	"<i>Hastings Center Report, Special Supplement</i>:1-31."	"Includes excerpts from two conferences on genetic determinants, violent behavior, and the ethics of research and research review, stemming from controversial research exploring whether men with an extra Y chromosome are more prone to violent behavior. Raises issues of researcher responsibility to subjects (especially regarding informed consent), to their families, and to society, as well as concerns about sloppy research and media responsibilities regarding reporting of controversial research."	"GENETIC RESEARCH, CRIME, INFORMED CONSENT, RESEARCH ETHICS, BEHAVIORAL RESEARCH, SCIENCE AND SOCIETY"
5/17/1995	5/18/2001	189	"Carson, Ronald A."	1994	Thinking about Case Stories.	"<i>Journal of Clinical Ethics</i>, 5(4):347-348."	The author recommends presenting cases as narrated accounts to spur moral imagination. Comments on article by Kuczeweski et al. on pp. 310-315 of same issue.	"CASE STUDIES, ETHICS INSTRUCTION, TEACHING ETHICS"
9/1/1993	5/18/2001	190	"Wingfield, Arthur."		Three Case Studies.	Unpublished.	"Case studies and discussion questions concerning use of human subjects in medical and psychological research are based on actual incidents publicized in the newspapers in past years. Contact: Department of Psychology, Brandeis University, P.O. Box 9110, Waltham, MA 02254."	"CASE STUDIES, HUMAN SUBJECTS, BIOMEDICAL ETHICS, RESEARCH ETHICS, PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH"
9/1/1993	5/18/2001	191	"Singer, Peter."	1975	Tools for Research ...or What the Public Doesn't Know It Is Paying For.	"In <i>Animal Liberation: A New Ethics for Our Treatment of Animals</i>, pp. 27-91. New York: Avon Books."	"Argues for the abolition of animal research. Uses the principle of ""equal consideration of interests"" -- that all sentient beings have the same stake in their own existence -- to argue that giving primacy to the interests of one species over another on any basis other than its capacity to suffer is illegitimate."	"ANIMALS, ETHICS"
10/19/1995	5/18/2001	192	"Fisch, Linc, and Carol L. Spence."		"Trigger Films on College Teaching, Series E."	"VHS videocassette produced by the University of Kentucky Offices of Media Design and Production and Instructional Telecommunications. May be ordered for $75 from Michelle Moss, Media Design and Production, University of Kentucky, 170 Taylor Education Bui"	Presents case scenarios involving ethical issues in teaching. Comes with a discussion guide. Not available for rental.	"CASE STUDIES, TEACHING, ACADEMIC ETHICS, VIDEO"
5/21/1996	5/18/2001	193	"Bird, Stephanie J., and David E. Housman."	1995	"Trust and the Collection, Selection, Analysis and Interpretation of Data: A Scientist's View."	<i>Science and Engineering Ethics</i> 1: 371-382.		"DATA MANAGEMENT, TRUST, RESEARCH DATA"
9/1/1993	5/18/2001	194	"Barber, Bernard."	1987	Trust in Science.	<i>Minerva</i> 25 (Spring/Summer):123-134.	"Discusses the role of trust -- in both the senses of trustfulness and trustworthiness -- as foundational to the enterprise of science and scientific research, the fiduciary duties of scientists, fraud, the public's trust in science, and deception of human subjects."	"TRUST, SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH, FRAUD, SCIENCE AND SOCIETY, DECEPTION, HUMAN SUBJECTS, PROFESSIONAL ETHICS, RESEARCH ETHICS"
5/18/1995	5/18/2001	195	"Wheeler, D. L."	1991	U.S. Has Barred Grants to 6 Scientists in Past 2 Years.	"<i>The Chronicle of Higher Education</i>, July 3:A1 and A6."		"GOVERNMENT REGULATION, GOVERNMENT FUNDING, SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH"
10/1/1996	7/12/2000	196	"Morrison, Adrian R."	1994	Understanding (and Misunderstanding) the Animal Rights Movement in the United States.	"In <i>The Ethics of Animal and Human Experimentation</i>, ed. P. P. De Deyn, pp. 93-106. London: John Libbey and Company Ltd."	"Summary: ""The animal rights movement in the United States focused primarily on attacking biomedical research until fairly recently and gained considerable financial support from an uninformed public. Some organizations have misrepresented the value of animal research to attract sympathizers and have targeted various researchers for public vilification and harassment, while underground terrorists have destroyed laboratories. Some health professionals engage in another reprehensible activity: misquoting the scientific literature to cast doubt on the value of animal-based research. There are those who believe in the animal rights philosophy and seek to live it peacefully. Their views can be respected, but they must consider the implications of their beliefs for humanity and denounce those who sully their cause. Scientists must: (1) assure people that their animals are used by necessity and are treated humanely; (2) correct the distortions that the public hears; and (3) educated non-scientists about the process of science."""	ANIMALS
9/1/1993	7/21/2000	197	"Meissen, Gregory H. et al."	1991	Understanding the Decision to Take the Predictive Test for Huntington Disease.	"<i>American Journal of Medical Genetics</i>, 39(4):404-410."		GENETIC TESTING
9/1/1993	7/17/2000	198	"Bishop, Jerry E."	1993	Unnatural Selection.	"<i>National Forum</i>, 73:27-29."		GENETIC RESEARCH
9/1/1993	5/18/2001	199	American Medical Association. Council on Ethical and Judicial Affairs.	1991	Use of Genetic Testing by Employers.	"<i>JAMA</i>, 266:1827-1830."	"Considers the ethical problems with workplace testing of employees, either to exclude those who have increased risks of disease from exposure to workplace hazards to protect worker safety and/or avoid increased health care costs, or to protect public safety. Concludes that genetic testing is generally unethical because of its unreliable accuracy and potential for resulting in unfair discrimination against those who have abnormal test results."	"GENETIC TESTING, BIOMEDICAL ETHICS, VULNERABLE POPULATIONS"
5/18/1995	5/18/2001	200	"Gift, A. G., et al."	1991	Utilizing Research Assistants and Maintaining Integrity.	"<i>Research in Nursing and Health</i>, 14:229-233."	"Offers specific suggestions for research assistant supervisors to maintain ethical research practices, including reliability and validity checks on RAs' work and unannounced lab visits."	RESEARCH ETHICS POLICIES
3/21/1996	5/18/2001	201	"Haber, Joram Graf."		Videophilosophy: Ethics in the 90's.	"Sudbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett."	"From the publisher: This video series consists of 26 half-hour episodes in which Haber, Distinguished Professor of Philosophy at Bergen Community College, interviews prominent guests addressing ethical issues of topical concern. Following each interview, a panel engages the guests in a brief question and answer session. The topics include: ""Living Wills, "" ""Legal Ethics, "" ""Ethics and Science, "" ""Physician-Assisted Suicide, "" and ""Animal Rights."" The complete set costs $750. A 20-minute demonstration tape also is available."	"VIDEO, BIOMEDICAL ETHICS, ANIMALS, LAW, ETHICS, DEATH, SUICIDE"
6/11/1996	5/18/2001	202	"Carrese, Joseph A., and Lorna A. Rhodes."	1995	Western Bioethics on the Navajo Reservation: Benefit or Harm?	"<i>Journal of the American Medical Association</i>, 274:826-829."	"Reports the results of a focused ethnography with 34 Navajo informants. The authors conclude that discussing negative information, such as that involved in advance care planning, conflicts with the Navajo concept of hozho, which combines the ideas of beauty, goodness, order and harmony. Discusses ethical implications of complying with the Patient Self-determination Act."	"BIOMEDICAL ETHICS, ETHNOGRAPHIC RESEARCH"
9/1/1993	5/18/2001	203	"Schachman, Howard K."	1993	What Is Misconduct in Science?	"<i>Science</i>, 261:148-149, 183."	"Traces the development of the definition of fraud and misconduct, advocating guidelines, regulations, and rules for the former but not for the latter. Says this is a distinction between ""crooks"" and ""jerks"" and that to impose regulations on the latter may impede scientific research. Specifically, the addition of the clause ""and other serious deviations from accepted practices"" to the definition of scientific fraud, says the author, poses great risks to science."	"SCIENTIFIC MISCONDUCT, FRAUD, DEFINITION OF MISCONDUCT, RESEARCH ETHICS POLICIES"
9/1/1993	5/18/2001	204	"Roman, Mark."	1988	When Good Scientists Turn Bad.	"<i>Discover</i>, 9(4): 1-58."	"Very readable accounts of recent situations involving misconduct in scientific research, including the cases involving Stephen Breuning in data manipulation and Charles Glueg in data fabrication."	"SCIENTIFIC MISCONDUCT, CASE STUDIES, DATA MANAGEMENT, RESEARCH ETHICS, CASE STUDIES, SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH, DECEPTION"
9/1/1993	5/18/2001	205	"Bok, Sissela."	1980	Whistleblowing and Professional Responsibilities.	"In <i>Ethics Teaching in Higher Education</i>, edited by Daniel Callahan and Sissela Bok, pp. 277-295. New York: Plenum Press."	"Discusses the various responsibilities that confront would-be whistleblowers, using examples drawn from government, business, and engineering, and proposes a casuistical method of resolving the conflicts faced by whistleblowers. Also recommends analyzing problems of whistleblowing from the perspective of institutions and professions."	"WHISTLEBLOWING, ENGINEERING, PROFESSIONAL ETHICS, CASE STUDIES"
9/1/1993	7/17/2000	206	"Branscomb, Anne."	1988	Who Owns Creativity?: Property Rights in the Information Age.	"<i>Technology Review</i>, 91:39-45."	Discusses the ethical dilemmas in the area of intellectual property that have resulted from new electronic technologies such as computer programs. Includes a general background of intellectual property laws.	"INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY, LAW, COMPUTERS, ETHICS AND TECHNOLOGY"
5/27/1997	7/21/2000	207	"McCarthy, John P."	1996	Who Owns These Bones?: Descendant Communities and Partnerships in the Excavation and Analysis of Historic Cemetery Sites in New York and Philadelphia.	"<i>Public Archaeology Review</i>, 4(2):3-12."		"ARCHAEOLOGY, RESEARCH ETHICS"
9/1/1993	7/21/2000	208	"McCabe, Katie."	1986	"Who Will Live, Who Will Die?."	"<i>The Washingtonian</i>, 21(11):112-118, 153-157."	"An in-depth look at the effect of the animal rights movement on experimental research using animals, detailing life-saving treatments for persons, the development of which depend on animal experimentation, as well as the ""tactics"" used by animal rights groups protesting the use of animals in research."	ANIMALS
9/1/1993	5/18/2001	209		1987	Why Scientific Fact Is Sometimes Fiction.	"<i>The Economist</i>, 302:97-98."	"Editorial. Brief but informative overview of the recent spate of misconduct cases in published research, citing inadequate referee-review, busy laboratory supervisors, large research teams, and multiple authorship as some of the problems which have led to this result."	"RESEARCH MISCONDUCT, AUTHORSHIP, PEER REVIEW, PUBLISHING"
10/19/1995	5/18/2001	210	"Dibbern, Donald A., Jr."	1995	Workshop-Based Learning: A Model for Teaching Ethics.	"<i>Journal of the American Medical Association</i>, 274(9):770-771."	"The authors suggest that the ability to develop a well-reasoned response to ethical quandaries in medicine can best be developed using a workshop-based format that stresses active, independent learning and group interaction."	"ETHICS INSTRUCTION, BIOMEDICAL ETHICS, TEACHING ETHICS"
7/8/1997	5/18/2001	211	"Beck, Alan M."	1995	Xenograft Transplantation: Blessing or Blaspheme?	"<i>Lab Animal</i>, 24(1):36-38."	"Analyzes ethical issues in xenograft transplantation (transplanting tissue from a non-human animal to a human being), including animal welfare, medical care, conservation issue, and public health. Concludes that ""using organs transplanted from animals will be more acceptable when we can use animal species that are already being used for food and less likely to cause any new medical problems. To that end, transplanted organs from safely and humanely raised domestic livestock may be the next use for these animals."""	"ANIMALS, XENOGRAFT"
2/26/1996	5/18/2001	212	"Dula, Annette, and Sara Goering, eds."	1994	"<i>""It Just Ain't Fair"": The Ethics of Health Care for African-Americans.</i>"	"Westport, CN: Praeger."	"Reviewed in <i>Journal of the American Medical Association</i> Vol. 275, No.5 (February 7, 1996):406-407 by Linnea Capps, M.D., Harlem Hospital/Columbia University. According to the review, this is a collection of essays by philosophers and ethicists who stress the unique social context of African-Americans when considering access to health care and clinical trials, diversity within the medical profession and other ethical issues not often considered from an African-American perspective."	"BIOMEDICAL ETHICS, MINORITY POPULATIONS"
3/7/1997	7/21/2000	213	"Magnan, Bob, ed."	1990	<i>147 Practical Tips for Teaching Professors.</i>	"Madison, Wi: Magna Publications, Inc."	"A small, inexpensive booklet filled with simple, practical advice on teaching, including leading discussions, giving lectures, group projects, class evaluations, and evaluating students. While it is not directed at scientists or research ethics, most of the advice can be useful in any course. Most of the tips are compiled from <i>The Teaching Professor, </i> a newsletter."	TEACHING
5/15/1995	5/18/2001	214	"Ackerman, Terrence F., and Carson Strong."	1989	<i>A Casebook of Medical Ethics</i>.	London: Oxford University Press.	"Real, detailed cases dealing with conflicts between patients' wishes and respect for their well-being, tensions concerning duties to patients unable to care for themselves and obligations to family members, and clashes between patient care obligations and the interests of others, including doctors and the general public."	"BIOMEDICAL ETHICS, CASE STUDIES"
2/26/1996	5/18/2001	215	"Shavelson, Lonny."	1995	<i>A Chosen Death: The Dying Confront Assisted Suicide.</i>	New York: Simon and Schuster.	"Reviewed in <i>Journal of the American Medical Association</i> Vol. 275, No. 2 (Jan.10, 1996):158-159 by Marilyn M. Schapira, M.D., Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee. According to the review, this book chronicles the lives and deaths of five terminally or chronically ill people in an effort to understand the decisions both of those desiring to die and those who are asked to assist in fulfilling this wish. Also reviewed in <i>New England Journal of Medicine</i> 334(May 2, 1996):1205, by Franklin G. Miller, Ph.D., University of Virginia School of Medicine."	"DEATH, DYING, SUICIDE, BIOMEDICAL ETHICS, ETHICS AND TECHNOLOGY, CASE STUDIES"
10/23/2009	7/17/2000	216	"DuBose, Edwin R., Ronald P. Hamel, and Laurence J. O'Connell, eds."	1994	<i>A Matter of Principles?: Ferment in U.S. Bioethics.</i>	"Valley Forge, PA: Trinity Press International."	"Produced by the Park Ridge Center for the Study of Health, Faith, and Ethics."	BIOMEDICAL ETHICS
10/20/1995	1/2/2003	217	"de Blois, Jean, Patrick Norris, and Kevin O'Rourke."	1994	<i>A Primer for Health Care Ethics: Essays for a Pluralistic Society.</i>	Washington: Georgetown University Press.		BIOMEDICAL ETHICS
10/4/1995	2/15/2001	218	American Association for the Advancement of Science.	1989	<i>AAAS-ABA National Conference of Lawyers and Scientists Project on Scientific Fraud and Misconduct: Report on Workshop Number Three.</i>	Washington: AAAS.	"Report on fraud and misconduct workshop held Feb. 17-18, 1989, in Irvine, CA. The first part summarizes discussions as recorded by a lawyer-social scientist team. The second part is a collection of the discussion papers prepared by workshop participants. Topics include the applicability of criminal law to scientific misconduct; the role of the universities in implementing federal regulations; access to original research data; and how to handle misconduct without destroying collegiality among scientists. Invited workshop participants included scientists, lawyers, university administrators and federal officials."	"MISCONDUCT, FRAUD, GOVERNMENT REGULATION, SCIENTIFIC MISCONDUCT, LAW, SECRECY, FREEDOM OF INQUIRY, ACADEMIC ETHICS, SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH"
5/15/1995	7/13/2000	219	"Weir, Robert F."	1989	<i>Abating Treatment with Critically Ill Patients: Ethical and Legal Limits to the Medical Prolongation of Life.</i>	London: Oxford University Press.	"Covers historical developments, legal cases and ethical viewpoints with relatively little jargon."	"BIOMEDICAL ETHICS, CASE STUDIES, LAW, DYING, HISTORY"
11/3/1994	5/18/2001	220	"Maramark, Sheilah, and Mindi Barth Maline."	1993	<i>Academic Dishonesty among College Students.</i>	"Washington, DC: Division of Higher Education and Adult Learning, Office of Research, U.S. Department of Education."	"A small (14 page) brief summarizing what is known about academic dishonesty among college students. For more information, call (202) 219-2243 or write to the U.S. Department of Education, Office of Educational Research and Improvement, 555 New Jersey Avenue NW, Room 615, Washington, DC 20208-5646."	ACADEMIC ETHICS
5/21/1996	5/18/2001	221			<i>Accountability in Research: Policies and Quality Assurance</i>.	London: Science Publishers.	Journal devoted to examining issues related to scientific integrity.	"DATA MANAGEMENT, MISCONDUCT, POLICY, SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH"
5/15/1995	5/18/2001	222	"Daniels, Norman."	1988	<i>Am I My Parents' Keeper?: An Essay on Justice between the Young and the Old.</i>	London: Oxford University Press.	"Provides a conceptual framework, rooted in a theory of justice, that addresses disputes about how to allocate income support, health care and other resources to different age groups in our society."	"ETHICS, BIOMEDICAL ETHICS"
11/6/1996	5/18/2001	223	"Linzey, Andrew."	1995	<i>Animal Theology.</i>	Urbana: University of Illinois Press.	"From the publisher: Animal rights is animal theology, in Andrew Linzey's view. He argues that historical theology, creatively defined, must reject humanocentricity. He questions the assumption that if theology is to speak on this issue, ""it must only do so on the side of the oppressors."" Linzey's theological query investigates not only the abstractions of theory, but also the realities of hunting, animal experimentation, and genetic engineering. He is an important, pioneering, Christian voice speaking for those who cannot speak for themselves."	"ANIMALS, RELIGION, EUGENICS"
11/6/1996	5/18/2001	224	"Adams, Carol J., and Josephine Donovan, eds."	1995	<i>Animals and Women: Feminist Theoretical Explorations.</i>	"Durham, NC: Duke University Press."	"From the publisher: <i>Animals and Women</i> is a collection of pioneering essays that explores the theoretical connections between feminism and animal defense. Offering a feminist perspective on the status of animals, this unique volume argues persuasively that both the social construction and oppressions of women are inextricably connected to the ways in which we comprehend and abuse other species. Furthermore, it demonstrates that such a focus does not distract from the struggle for women's rights, but rather contributes to it. This wide-ranging multidisciplinary anthology presents original material from scholars in a variety of fields, as well as a rare, early article by Virginia Woolf. Exploring the leading edge of the species/gender boundary, it addresses such issues as the relationship between abortion rights and animal rights, the connection between woman-battering and animal abuse, and the speciesist basis for much sexist language. Also considered are the ways in which animals have been regarded by science, literature, and the environmentalist movement. A striking mediation on women and wolves is presented, as is an examination of sexual harassment and the taxonomy of hunters and hunting."	"ANIMALS, FEMINISM, WOMEN, GENDER, ABORTION, CRIME"
5/21/1996	8/2/2001	225	"Garrod, Andrew, ed."	1993	<i>Approaches to Moral Development: New Research and Emerging Themes.</i>	New York: Teachers College Press.		"ETHICS INSTRUCTION, TEACHING ETHICS, RESEARCH ON ETHICS"
11/6/1996	2/15/2001	226	"Barad, Judith A."	1995	<i>Aquinas on the Nature and Treatment of Animals</i>.	San Francisco: International Scholars Publications.	"From the publisher: This work is an important and original contribution to Aquinian studies. Dr. Barad argues that Thomas Aquinas incorporates evolutionary concepts into many of his teachings. While elements of a proto-Darwinian formulation exist, and while on the ontological and epistemological level Aquinas emphasizes the continuity between human and other animals, some of his ethical exhortations regarding animals do not take this continuity into account. This study examines Aquinas' inconsistency in these areas and suggests how his various texts can be reconciled. Dr. Barad provides us with the first extensive study on the tension between Aquinas's view of evolutionary teachings and his view of the ontological and moral status of animals. Treating animals cruelly can reduce the sympathy people have for one another. Yet, complicating the matter further, Aquinas holds that all animals have absolute natural rights, distinguishing them from mere property. Aquinas had much to say about the nature of animal life and this work is a skillful introduction to this body of thought."	"ANIMALS, ETHICS, RELIGION"
5/27/1997	5/21/2001	227	"Vitelli, Karen D., ed."	1996	<i>Archaeological Ethics.</i>	"Walnut Creek, CA: AltaMira Press."		"ARCHAEOLOGY, RESEARCH ETHICS, COMMUNITY INTERESTS, SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH"
5/15/1995	5/21/2001	228	"Agich, George J."	1993	<i>Autonomy and Long-Term Care</i>.	London: Oxford University Press.	Analyzes the realities and myths of long-term care and the challenges it poses for the ethics of autonomy.	BIOMEDICAL ETHICS
6/11/1996	5/21/2001	229	"Morreim, E. Haavi."	1995	<i>Balancing Act: The New Medical Ethics of Medicine's New Economics</i>.	"Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press."	"Part of Clinical Medical Ethics series edited by H. Tristam Engelhardt Jr. and Kevin William Wildes. Hardcover edition reviewed in the <i>Journal of the American Medical Association</i>, May 19, 1993."	"BIOMEDICAL ETHICS, CONFLICT OF INTEREST"
9/1/1993	5/21/2001	230	U.S. National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research.	1978	<i>Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research.</i>	"Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office."	"DHEW Publication No. (OS) 78-0012. Reprinted in Federal Register 44: 23192 (April 18, 1979). Summarizes and discusses the basic ethical principles identified by the National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research: respect for persons, beneficence and justice."	"HUMAN SUBJECTS, RESEARCH ETHICS, RESEARCH ETHICS POLICIES, RESEARCH ETHICS HANDBOOK, BIOMEDICAL ETHICS, GOVERNMENT REGULATION"
9/1/1993	5/21/2001	231	"Broad, William, and Nicholas Wade."	1982	<i>Betrayers of the Truth: Fraud and Deceit in the Halls of Science.</i>	"New York: Simon and Schuster, Inc.[Out of print]."	"Argues that the conventional ideology of science, shaped by philosophers, historians, and sociologists, inaccurately represents science as a purely logical and verifiable process, and thus cannot account for fraud. Draws on the work of such researchers as Ptolemy, Galileo, Darsee, Alsbati and Soman, to show how motives and needs of scientists--especially for public recognition--are a central factor in shaping their scientific practice. Concludes with some recommendations for minimizing fraud, including advocating public realism about the nature of science."	"FRAUD, SCIENTIFIC MISCONDUCT"
7/8/1997	5/21/2001	232	"Beck, Alan M., and Aaron Katcher."	1996	<i>Between Pets and People: The Importance of Animal Companionship</i>.	"Rev. ed. West Lafayette, IN: Purdue University Press."	"From the publisher: ""Here's conclusive evidence from the two foremost researchers in the field that animals have a significant influence on human life and health. The authors show that physical and emotional ailments can be reduced by keeping pets and analyze the surprisingly complex relationships we have with our pets."""	ANIMALS
11/6/1996	5/21/2001	233	"Donovan, Josephine, and Carol J. Adams, eds."	1996	<i>Beyond Animal Rights: A Feminist Caring Ethic for the Treatment of Animals</i>.	New York: Continuum Press.		"ANIMALS, FEMINISM, ETHICS"
2/23/1996	5/21/2001	234	"Pluhar, Evelyn B."	1996	<i>Beyond Prejudice: The Moral Significance of Human and Nonhuman Animals</i>.	"Durham, NC: Duke University Press."	"From the publisher: In <i>Beyond Prejudice</i>, Evelyn B. Pluhar defends the view that any sentient conative being -- one capable of caring about happens to him or herself -- is morally significant, a view that supports the moral status and rights of many nonhuman animals. Confronting traditional and contemporary philosophical arguments, she offers in clear and accessible fashion a thorough examination of theories of moral significance while decisively demonstrating the flaws in the arguments of those who would avoid attributing moral rights to nonhumans. Exposing the traditional view -- which restricts the moral realm to autonomous, fully fledged ""persons"" -- as having horrific implications for the treatment of many humans, Pluhar goes on to argue positively that sentient individuals of any species are no less morally significant than the most autonomous human. Her position provides the ultimate justification that is missing from previous defenses of the moral status of nonhuman animals. In the process advancing her position, Pluhar discusses the implications of determining the moral significance of children and ""abnormal"" humans as well as its relevance to population policies, the raising of animals for food or product testing, decisions on hunting and euthanasia, and the treatment of companion animals. In addition, the author scrutinizes recent assertions by environmental ethicists that all living things or that natural objects and ecosystems be considered highly morally significant. This powerful book of moral theory challenges all defenders of the moral status quo -- which decrees that animals decidedly do not count -- to reevaluate their convictions."	"ANIMALS, BIOMEDICAL ETHICS, HUMAN SUBJECTS, ETHICAL THEORY"
10/4/1995	5/21/2001	235	Association of American Medical Colleges.	1992	"<i>Beyond the ""Framework"": Institutional Considerations in Managing Allegations of Misconduct in Research</i>."	Washington: Association of American Medical Colleges.	"Official AAMC guidance document oriented primarily toward institutional administrators that goes beyond the general procedural frameworks offered to date and delves into questions of concern for institutions and the federal government. Single copies available free from AAMC, Division of Biomedical Research, 2450 N Street NW, Washington, DC 20037-0487."	"RESEARCH MISCONDUCT, GOVERNMENT REGULATION, POLICY, BIOMEDICAL ETHICS"
5/15/1995	5/21/2001	236	"Moreno, Jonathan D."	1995	<i>Bioethics and Moral Consensus</i>.	London: Oxford University Press.	"Tackles questions about moral consensus in a society that includes diverse value systems, including the role of small group interaction in creating or distorting consensus processes."	"BIOMEDICAL ETHICS, COMMUNITY INTERESTS"
6/11/1996	5/21/2001	237	"Kilner, John F., Nigel M. de S. Cameron, and David L. Schiedermayer, eds."	1995	<i>Bioethics and the Future of Medicine: A Christian Appraisal.</i>	Grand Rapids: Wm. B. Eerdmans.	"Reviewed in the <i>Journal of the American Medical Association</i> 275 (May 22/29, 1996): 1608-1609, by David C. Thomasma of Loyola University Chicago Medical Center. From the review: A collection of essays written from the point of view that ""the postmodern and post-Christian era reconstructs human nature to fit its own ends--ends that are manipulative rather than healing."" Issues examined include managed care, commodification of human life, rationing and dying."	"BIOMEDICAL ETHICS, RELIGION, DYING"
11/8/1995	5/21/2001	238		1995	<i>Bioethics Forum.</i>	"Laser Disc, distributed by Videodiscovery."	"Presents twelve forums on ethical issues in biology on videodisc, with each forum consisting of video clips and still-frame documents that present various points of views on particular cases. Examines the following topics: fetal alcohol syndrome, a DNA database for criminals, employee rights vs. public safety, breast cancer susceptibility research, human life span, herbicide and pest-resistant plants, an AIDS-resistant gene, gender selection, development vs. biodiversity, infant transplants, Alzheimer's disease and animal research, and euthanasia. Includes both student and teacher guidebooks, and permits access to individual video clips and still frames by barcode."	"BIOMEDICAL ETHICS, GENETIC RESEARCH, ETHICS INSTRUCTION, BIOLOGY, ANIMALS, VIDEO, CASE STUDIES, CRIME, HUMAN SUBJECTS, COMPUTERS, COMMUNITY INTERESTS, WOMEN, GENETIC SCREENING, GENDER"
5/17/1995	5/21/2001	239	"Charlesworth, Max."	1993	<i>Bioethics in a Liberal Society</i>.	New York: Cambridge University Press	"Described in a review in the <i>New England Journal of Medicine</i>, Vol. 331, No. 10 (Sept. 8, 1994): pp. 686-687 as ""a lucid and instructive analysis of the concept of autonomy in medical ethics and health care. He unabashedly tackles three controversial areas: decisions at the end of life and assisted suicide, medically assisted reproduction, and the allocation of health care resources."""	"BIOMEDICAL ETHICS, DEATH, DYING, SUICIDE, TECHNOLOGY, GYNECOLOGY"
3/21/1996	5/21/2001	240	"Minogue, Brendan Patrick."	1996	<i>Bioethics: A Committee Approach.</i>	"Sudbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett."	"From the publisher: Intended for use by ethics committee members and future health professionals, this text employs the realistic setting of the hospital ethics committee to develop understanding of philosophical and ethical concepts in the field of bioethics. Using sample dialogues to demonstrate how ethical decisions are arrived at by consensus, readers will see the shortcomings of simple, case-by-case solutions and will learn to appreciate the role that bioethics has in universalizing ethical decisions. This in turn will contribute to an understanding of how ethical theory can be a partner in practice."	"BIOMEDICAL ETHICS, ETHICAL THEORY"
5/15/1995	5/21/2001	241	"Rodd, Rosemary"	1994	"<i>Biology, Ethics, and Animals</i>."	London: Oxford University Press.	Addresses the moral status of animals.	"ANIMALS, BIOLOGY, ETHICS"
9/1/1993	5/21/2001	242	"Kenny, Martin."	1986	<i>Biotechnology: The University-Industrial Complex</i>.	"New Haven, CT: Yale University Press."	"Pages 113-125 provide a general background discussion of conflicts of interest that arise in connection with university researchers working for commercial enterprises, including impact on graduate students and the free flow of information."	"CONFLICT OF INTEREST, BIOMEDICAL ETHICS, RESEARCH ETHICS"
5/17/1995	5/21/2001	243	"Barry, Robert L."	1994	<i>Breaking the Thread of Life: On Rational Suicide</i>.	"New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishers."	"Arguments supporting the Roman Catholic opposition to suicide, including assisted suicide."	"SUICIDE, RELIGION, BIOMEDICAL ETHICS"
5/19/1995	5/21/2001	244	"Proctor, Robert N."	1995	<i>Cancer Wars: How Politics Shapes What We know and Don't Know about Cancer</i>.	New York: Basic Books.	"Reviewed by Daniel Callahan in <i>The New York Times Book Review</i> section, April 9, 1995. Also reviewed in <i>Journal of the American Medical Association</i> Vol. 274, No. 7 (Aug. 16, 1995):584. Documents the political and social forces involved in our understanding of the scientific investigation of industry-initiated carcinogenesis."	"BIOMEDICAL ETHICS, GOVERNMENT FUNDING, POLITICS"
3/6/1997	5/21/2001	245	"Djerassi, Carl."	1989	<i>Cantor's Dilemma</i>.	New York: Doubleday Publishers.	"A novel. Djerassi is a scientist who advocates using ""science in fiction"" (of which this is an example) to teach the responsible conduct of research. A lively read, and many ethical issues are raised."	"CASE STUDIES, RESEARCH ETHICS, FICTION, ETHICS INSTRUCTION, TEACHING"
5/15/1995	5/21/2001	246	"Blustein, Jeffrey."	1991	<i>Care and Commitment</i>.	London: Oxford University Press.	"The first study of an ethics of care: explores concern for and commitment to individuals, ideals and causes."	BIOMEDICAL ETHICS
12/5/1995	5/22/2001	247	"Noddings, Nel."	1984	<i>Caring: A Feminine Approach to Ethics and Moral Education<./i>	Berkeley: University of California Press.		"FEMINISM, TEACHING ETHICS, ETHICS, ETHICS INSTRUCTION"
9/1/1993	6/1/2001	249	American Psychological Association.	1987	<i>Casebook on Ethical Principles of Psychologists</i>.	"Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association."		"ANIMALS, CASE STUDIES, PSYCHOLOGY, RESEARCH ETHICS, PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH, POLICY, HUMAN SUBJECTS, RESEARCH ETHICS POLICIES"
5/14/1996	5/22/2001	250	"Pregent, Richard."	1994	<i>Charting Your Course: How to Prepare to Teach More Effectively</i>.	"Madison, WI: Magna."	"A guide written by an educational consultant that presents a highly methodical guide to instructional preparation. Topics include formulation of course objectives, choosing teaching materials, lecture preparation and evaluation. The book contains numerous examples and reviews the major themes along the way."	TEACHING
10/11/1994	5/22/2001	251	"Grodin, Michael A., and Leonard H. Glantz, eds."	1994	"<i>Children as Research Subjects: Science, Ethics and Law.</i>"	New York: Oxford University Press.	"A resource for IRB members and children's advocates, this book provides a historical overview of pediatric experimentation and a legal/regulatory presentation, as well as chapters on ethics."	"CHILDREN, LAW, BIOMEDICAL ETHICS, HUMAN SUBJECTS, RESEARCH ETHICS POLICIES, HISTORY"
5/17/1995	5/22/2001	252	"Robertson, John A."	1994	<i>Children of Choice: Freedom and the New Reproductive Technologies</i>.	"Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press."		"BIOMEDICAL ETHICS, CHILDREN, GYNECOLOGY"
5/31/1996	5/22/2001	253	"Toombs, S. Kay, David Barnard, and Ronald A. Carson, eds."	1995	<i>Chronic Illness: From Experience to Policy</i>.	Bloomington: Indiana University Press.	"The contributors use first-person accounts and perspectives from literature, medicine, philosophy and other fields to explore the experience of chronic illness and the implications for social policy and the professions."	"BIOMEDICAL ETHICS, CASE STUDIES"
6/11/1996	5/22/2001	254	"Drane, James F."	1994	<i>Clinical Bioethics: Theory and Practice in Medical-Ethical Decision Making</i>.	Kansas City: Sheed and Ward.		BIOMEDICAL ETHICS
5/19/1995	5/22/2001	255	"Council on Ethical and Judicial Affairs, American Medical Association."	1994	<i>Code of Medical Ethics: Current Opinions with Annotations.</i>	Chicago: AMA.	"ISBN 0-89970-6231, OP 632394. Reviewed by Arthur Caplan in <i>Journal of the American Medical Association</i> Vol. 273, No. 15 (April 19, 1995):1232. Reproduces code and supporting documents tackling issues ranging from euthanasia to confidentiality."	"BIOMEDICAL ETHICS, DEATH, CONFIDENTIALITY"
10/4/1995	5/22/2001	256	"Gorlin, Rena A., ed."	1994	<i>Codes of Professional Responsibility</i>.	3rd edition. Washington: The Bureau of National Affairs.	"New edition compiles 51 codes, most in full text, from 45 key associations in business, health and law. Includes recent code revisions, plus additional codes and associations not in the previous volume."	"PROFESSIONAL ETHICS, LAW, BIOMEDICAL ETHICS"
10/20/1995	5/22/2001	257	"U.S. Public Health Service, Office of Research Integrity and American Association for the Advancement of Science."	1993	<i>Conference on Plagiarism and Theft of Ideas</i>.	"Report of the conference proceedings, available via modem from the OASH Bulletin Board or on a 3.5"" diskette in WordPerfect 6.1 for Windows, WordPerfect 5.1 for DOS or ASCII formats. Contact: Karen Gorirossi at 301/443-5330 or kgoriros@OASH.SSW.DHHS.GOV."	"Conference focused on the institutional handling of allegations of plagiarism and their societal context. The speakers included university professors and administrators, journal editors and professional association officers."	"PLAGIARISM, FRAUD, INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY, WHISTLEBLOWING, RESEARCH MISCONDUCT, SCIENCE AND SOCIETY"
5/15/1995	5/22/2001	258	"Feldman, Fred."	1992	<i>Confrontations with the Reaper: A Philosophical Study of the Nature and Value of Death.</i>	London: Oxford University Press.	A clear discussion on the metaphysics and value of death.	DEATH
10/1/1996	5/22/2001	259	"Mackintosh, N. J., ed."	1995	<i>Cyril Burt: Fraud or Framed?</i>	New York: Oxford University Press.		"SCIENTIFIC MISCONDUCT, CASE STUDIES, FRAUD, RESEARCH ETHICS"
10/11/1995	5/22/2001	261	"Burleigh, Michael."	1995	<i>Death and Deliverance: 'Euthanasia' in Germany c. 1900-1945</i>.	Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.	"An account of Nazi Germany's euthanasia program, in which 200, 000 handicapped patients in German hospitals were killed under the rationale that they wasted valuable national resources."	"DEATH, EUGENICS, HISTORY"
6/11/1996	5/22/2001	262	"Moreno, Jonathan D."	1995	<i>Deciding Together: Bioethics and Moral Consensus</i>.	New York: Oxford University Press.		"BIOMEDICAL ETHICS, COMMUNITY INTERESTS"
10/23/1995	5/22/2001	263	"Efron, John M."	1995	<i>Defenders of the Race: Jewish Doctors and Race Science in Fin-de-Siecle Europe.</i>	New Haven: Yale University Press.	"Reviewed in <i>Journal of the American Medical Association</i>, Vol. 274, No. 5 (August 2, 1995:432-433. Argues that sociological and anthropological research on Jews by Jews began as a response to anti-Semitism and made some Jewish race scientists ""defenders of the race."""	"SCIENCE AND SOCIETY, HISTORY, SOCIAL SCIENCE RESEARCH, HUMAN SUBJECTS, SOCIAL RESEARCH ETHICS"
5/31/1996	5/22/2001	264	"Terry, Jennifer, and Jacqueline Urla, eds."	1995	<i>Deviant Bodies: Critical Perspectives on Difference in Science and Popular Culture</i>.	Bloomington: Indiana University Press.	"The contributors address the ways in which concepts of deviancy have been used to construct what is considered a ""normal"" body and what is not."	"SCIENCE AND SOCIETY, POLITICS, WOMEN, PSYCHOLOGY, RESEARCH ETHICS, HUMAN SUBJECTS, MINORITY POPULATIONS, GYNECOLOGY"
5/15/1995	5/22/2001	266	"Lidz, Charles W., Lynn Fischer, and Robert M. Arnold."	1992	<i>Erosion of Autonomy in Long-Term Care</i>.	London: Oxford University Press.	Distinguishes among various types of autonomy and gives recommendations for change.	BIOMEDICAL ETHICS
5/15/1995	5/22/2001	267	"Hare, R. M."	1993	<i>Essays on Bioethics</i>.	London: Oxford University Press	"The best of Hare's writing on medical ethics and related topics. He applies a coherent ethical theory to moral problems related to abortion, embryo experimentation, population policy, experimentation on children, health care policy, free will and vegetarianism."	"BIOMEDICAL ETHICS, CHILDREN"
2/27/1996	5/22/2001	268	"Gray, Joni N., et al."	1995	<i>Ethical and Legal Issues in AIDS Research</i>.	Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press.	"Reviewed in <i>Journal of the American Medical Association</i> Vol. 275, No. 4 (January 24/31, 1996):329-330 by Ralf Jurgens, Canadian HIV/AIDS Legal Network, Montreal. According to the review, this book focuses on psychosocial research in the area of HIV/AIDS, but has insights applicable to all human subjects research. The authors advocate consultation with affected groups, which tend to already be vulnerable because of discrimination and stigmatization and which may obtain fewer benefits as a result of participating in research. The chapters on legal issues center on confidentiality."	"HUMAN SUBJECTS, BIOMEDICAL ETHICS, CONFIDENTIALITY, PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH, SOCIAL SCIENCE RESEARCH, VULNERABLE POPULATIONS, RESEARCH ETHICS, LAW"
10/1/1996	5/22/2001	269	"Aoki, Kiyoshi, ed."	1994	<i>Ethical Dilemmas in Health and Development</i>.	Tokyo: Japan Scientific Societies Press.		"BIOMEDICAL ETHICS, RESEARCH ETHICS"
5/15/1995	5/22/2001	270	"Brody, Baruch A."	1995	"<i>Ethical Issues in Drug Testing, Approval and Pricing: The Clot-Dissolving Drugs</i>."	London: Oxford University Press.	Offers the first comprehensive analysis from an ethical perspective of the entire drug development process. It compares American and European approaches to the development of thrombolytic drugs as an example.	"BIOMEDICAL ETHICS, RESEARCH ETHICS"
9/1/1993	5/22/2001	271	"Hilton, Bruce, et al., eds."	1973	<i>Ethical Issues in Human Genetics</i>.	New York: Plenum Press.	"Although this volume is now a bit dated, it contains articles discussing a number of still-timely issues, including the ethical uses of genetic knowledge, the ethics of genetic counseling (see Gustafson, above), ethical issues in screening adults for TaySachs disease, the ethics of genetic screening, implications of prenatal diagnosis for the human right to life and quality of life, privacy and genetic information, and the moral dimensions of parental decision-making in genetic counseling."	"GENETIC RESEARCH, GENETIC SCREENING, GENETIC COUNSELING, BIOMEDICAL ETHICS, CONFIDENTIALITY"
10/20/1995	5/22/2001	272	"Bernat, James L."	1994	<i>Ethical Issues in Neurology</i>.	Boston: Butterworth-Heinemann.	"Reviewed in <i>New England Journal of Medicine</i> Vol. 333, No. 1 (July 6, 1995), 333:71 and in <i>Journal of the American Medical Association</i> Vol. 274, No. 15 (October 18, 1995): 245-1246. Covers the fundamentals of ethical theory and medicolegal concepts and discusses current ethical issues in medicine."	"BIOMEDICAL ETHICS, ETHICAL THEORY"
10/12/1994	5/22/2001	273	"Erwin, Edward, Sidney Gendin, and Lowell Kleiman, eds."	1994	<i>Ethical Issues in Scientific Research: An Anthology</i>.	New York: Garland.	"This collection of essays by scientists and philosophers addresses the major areas of moral debate regarding research: fraud and deception, controlled experiments on humans, animal and genetic research, IQ and military research."	"FRAUD, GENETIC RESEARCH, HUMAN SUBJECTS, ANIMALS, DECEPTION, SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH, RESEARCH ETHICS, RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIALS, SOCIAL RESEARCH ETHICS, SOCIAL SCIENCE RESEARCH"
2/27/1996	5/22/2001	274	"Battin, Margaret Pabst."	1995	<i>Ethical Issues in Suicide</i>.	"2nd edition. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall."		"SUICIDE, ETHICS, BIOMEDICAL ETHICS"
9/1/1993	5/22/2001	275	American Psychological Association.	1982	<i>Ethical Principles in the Conduct of Research with Human Participants</i>.	"Washington, DC: American Psychological Association."	"Based on APA Principle 9: ""Research with Human Participants."" Discusses the ethical dilemmas involved in conducting psychological research with human subjects and the guidelines that should shape their resolution, including determining whether to undertake a particular research project involving human subjects, informed consent, when, if ever, deception of human subjects is acceptable, what constitutes harm to and exploitation or coercion of human subjects, responsibilities of researchers for debriefing subjects at the conclusion of research."	"HUMAN SUBJECTS, RESEARCH ETHICS, PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH, INFORMED CONSENT, DECEPTION, PSYCHOLOGY, THERAPEUTIC OBLIGATIONS, RESEARCH ETHICS POLICIES, RESEARCH ETHICS HANDBOOK"
4/29/1996	5/22/2001	276	"Koocher, Gerald P., ed."	1993	<i>Ethics and Behavior</i>.	Vol. 3(1).	Special issue on whistleblowing and misconduct.	"WHISTLEBLOWING, MISCONDUCT, RESEARCH ETHICS"
5/21/1996	5/22/2001	277	"May, William W., ed."	1991	<i>Ethics and Higher Education</i>.	New York: Macmillan.		"ACADEMIC ETHICS, ETHICS"
9/1/1993	5/22/2001	278	"Wertz, Dorothy, and John Fletcher, eds."	1989	<i>Ethics and Human Genetics: A Cross-Cultural Perspective</i>.	Berlin: Springer-Verlag.	"Especially relevant are Chapter 2.19.2 (""Ethical Problems""), which discusses genetic counseling, prenatal diagnosis, and genetic screening, Chapter 2.19.5 (""Ethical Issues and Future Trends""), and Chapter 3 (""Ethics and Human Genetics: A CrossCultural Perspective""), which covers the major ethical problems in the practice of human genetics in contemporary society, the need to develop approaches to educate and formulate resolutions for these problems, and the responsibilities of geneticists to formulate public policies on these problems."	"GENETIC COUNSELING, GENETIC SCREENING, GENETIC COUNSELING, BIOMEDICAL ETHICS, HUMAN SUBJECTS, POLICY"
3/21/1996	5/22/2001	279	"Goldworth, Amnon, William Silverman, David K. Stevenson, Ernle W.D. Young, and Rodney Rivers, eds."	1995	<i>Ethics and Perinatology</i>.	New York: Oxford University Press.	"Reviewed in <i>New England Journal of Medicine</i> 333 (22):1509-1510 by Robert L. Goldenberg, University of Alabama-Birmingham. Deals with the ethical issues of medical care immediately before and after birth, including the sometimes incompatible interests of the two patients (mother and child) and the fuzzy line separating standard practice and unauthorized research. The essays are written by practicing health-care professionals and ethicists. Each topic features a chapter and a critical response with additional commentary."	"BIOMEDICAL ETHICS, GYNECOLOGY, OBSTETRICS"
9/1/1993	5/22/2001	280	"Council of Biology Editors. Editorial Policy Committee, eds."	1990	<i>Ethics and Policy in Scientific Publication</i>.	"Bethesda, MD: Council of Biology Editors, Inc."	"A collection of scenarios dealing with various ethical issues faced by publishers of scientific journals. Responses of surveyed scientific editors to the issues are presented, followed by discussion, recommendations and conclusions. Part II consists of conference proceedings on the theme of ""Accountability and Authorship: Where Does the Responsibility Lie?"""	"CASE STUDIES, PUBLISHING, AUTHORSHIP, POLICY, RESEARCH ETHICS, BIOLOGY"
9/1/1993	5/22/2001	281	"Levine, Robert J."	1986	<i>Ethics and Regulation of Clinical Research</i>.	2nd ed. Baltimore: Urban and Schwarzenberg.	"Good background reference source, especially Chapter 4 (""Selection of Subjects""), Chapter 5 (""Informed Consent""), Chapter 7 (""Privacy and Confidentiality""), Chapter 9 (""Deception""), and Chapter 14 (""The Institutional Re